DECISION MAKERS MEETING ON GOOD ADMINISTRATION OF LAND December 2006 Windhoek, Namibia

The Botswana Land Policy: emerging trends. Presented by Ngaka Monagen Director of Lands Gaborone, Botswana

Background Land Tenure The economy Land use conflicts

Policy Milestones/Issues Tribal Land Act – 1968 Established the Landboards Tribal Grazing Land Policy – 1975 Commercialisation of livestock farming specifically for beef production National Land Tenure Policy – 1985 Recommended fine tunning of state & customary land tenures Wildlife Conservation Policy – 1986 Sustainable dev’t of commercial wildlife industry

Milestones contin’d National Conservation Policy – 1990 Promoted conservation of Nat. Res. Integration of env issues in dev’t plng State Land Allocation policy – 1990 Land allocation transparency Tourism Policy – 1990 Designation of areas for commercial tourist activities National Policy on Agricultural Development – 1991 Fenced ranches

Milestones contin’d National Housing Policy – 2000 Housing Facilitation National Master Plan for Arable Agriculture and Diary Development Designation of production zones & protection of agricultural land National Policy for Rural development Rural poverty & economc development

Policy Principles Protection and promotion of Land rights Transparency in land distribution Best use of land Land database system

Emerging Trends Illicit land dealings Equlitable land distribution Land use conficts Transfer of land rights

Land Allocation To be fair, equitable and transparent Therefore introduced first come first serve system Otherwise tendering system

Residential Land Maintain waiting list Allocate free customary grant Limit one plot to each individual Meet additional requiremens from the market

Non-residential land Willingness to pay used to measure commitment (Business) Disposal by competitive bidding Land reserved for investors Requirement for local participation

Land rights Concern mainly on certain groups; Concern mainly on certain groups; Women as Women as Citizens of Botswana Citizens of Botswana Widows Widows Borrowers Borrowers Youth Youth Age of majority Age of majority Ability to develop Ability to develop

Ethnic groups Ethnic groups Mostly Hunter and gatherers (nomadic way of life) Mostly Hunter and gatherers (nomadic way of life) Economic exploitation Economic exploitation Rights to land Rights to land Crowded out by other communties Crowded out by other communties

Other vunerable groups Housing needs of target groups Housing needs of target groups Affordability Affordability Sustainability Sustainability Poverty aleviation Poverty aleviation

Land management Process of managing use and development of land resources in a sustainable way Promote productive use of land conflicts

Landuse Planning Guide and control development Preparation of management plans Need for more Planning

Agriculture Main sources of Livelihood Loss of arable land Crowding of other uses by commercial ranching Recent interventions Guidelines for intergrated farming

Wildlife About 38% of total land The CBNRM philosophy Public education guidelines

Communal Land Free for all Degradation Policy interventions

Land information System Management tool SLIMSTLIMSIntergration

THE END – THANK U