6th per Psychology-Thurs, 4/26 Please get out: Your textbook A writing implement Ch 3, Sec 3 The Endocrine System notes Did you know?? Down syndrome is considered a chromosomal abnormality, a genetic disorder that results from an excess or deficiency of genetic material. Two other common types of genetic disorders are disorders resulting from a single mutated gene (which is one defective unit of genetic material) and multifactorial disorders (which are caused by the interactions of one or more abnormal genes with environmental factors). Mulitfactorial disorders are thought to result from a fetus’s genetic predisposition to react adversely to specific environmental factors.

Chapter 3 BIOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR The Big Idea: The nervous system, the brain, the endocrine system, and heredity shape human thoughts and behaviors. Essential Question: What are the different parts of the brain, and how do they work? Objective: Describe the different parts of the brain and how they work.

Today’s Agenda Ch 3, Sec 2 finish To prepare for class on Friday, 4/27 Read Ch 3, Sec 4 Take notes of your choice

Biology & Behavior Multimedia Brain Function Visual of the Major Structures of the Brain 3-D Brain Anatomy

Reticular Activating System What is it? What is it’s function? How is it related to arousal and sleep? What types of noises wake you up during the night? How do you usually respond to these noises? Why do certain noises wake some of the students while other students are unaffected by those same noises?

Parts of the Brain Under what circumstances might a honking car not wake a person who is sleeping? How might an injured cerebellum affect a person? What does the thalamus do? What can you infer about a person who sustained a head injury and now exhibits unusual eating and drinking behaviors?

Parts of the Brain Do you believe that scientists can gain useful insights about human behavior by studying the hypothalamus in animals? Why or why not? What is the limbic system involved with? What does cerebrum mean in Latin? Which part of the brain do people generally think of when talking about the brain? Why do you think this is so?

The Cerebral Cortex Which lobe is the primary visual area of the cerebral cortex? How is the brain similar to a walnut? What could be called the brain’s executive center? A chess player would typically be described as emphasizing which side of her brain? An artist would typically be descried as emphasizing which side of his brain?

Left brain vs. Right brain?? Think of friends, relatives, or acquaintances whom you would categorize as either logical or creative… Do you think an individual who has many abilities in one of those areas is lacking in abilities in the other area? Why or why not? Is one hemisphere of the brain entirely responsible for controlling creativity or logic?

Methods of Studying the Brain How did scientists gain much of their earlier understanding of the brain? Which methods of studying the brain involve the damaging of a brain and which do not? What new technology has assisted scientists in their use of lesions to study the brain? What can be inferred about the hypothalamus based on scientists’ experiments with rats?

Electroencephalogram (EEG) (“RWS in EEG harness”) (“Normal Awake EEG”)

Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) (McCollough) (“CAT Scans”)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) http://www.tcd.ie/courses/undergraduate/az/course.php?id=94 http://hubpages.com/hub/The-6-Types-of-Psychiatric-Drugs

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) http://petcincinnati.com/ http://biomed.brown.edu/Courses/BI108/BI108_2008_Groups/group07/Parkinsons.html

Functional MRI (fMRI) http://www.mtbeurope.info/news/2005/508012.htm http://www.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/education/fmri/images/sagittal_scan.jpg/view

Methods of Studying the Brain Do you believe that scientists should destroy parts of animals’ brains as part of their research on the functions of the brain? Which type of scan involves injecting a person with radioactive sugar? How would you rank scans among the different methods of studying the brain?

How does the brain do all of this?? The brain is able to function effectively because of all of the support it receives from other parts of the body Blood vessels carry nutrients and oxygen Bones of the skull and three layers of membranes protect it Fluid surrounds it, acting as a shock absorber

Psychology Videos Psychology Video: Brain Exercising Psychology Video: A High-Tech Brain

Works Cited American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association, 2000. “CAT Scans.” Digital Image. Match Central: Math Beyond School and Univeristy of Regina, n.d. Web. 17 Oct. 2010. <http://mathcentral.uregina.ca/beyond/articles/Medicine/CATscan.html> McCollough, Cynthia. “CT Scans: Weighing the benefits and risks.” The Sunday Paper. sundaypaper.com, 13 April 2008. Web. 17 Oct. 2o1o <http://www.sundaypaper.com/More/Archives/tabid/98/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/2122/CT-scans.aspx> “Normal Awake EEG.” Digital Image. n.p., n.d. Web. 12 Oct. 2010. <http://www2.massgeneral.org/childhoodepilepsy/medical/diagnosis-popup_normal.htm>. “RWS in EEG Harness.” Photograph. The Lab’s EEG/ERP Research. n.p., n.d. Web. 12 Oct. 2010. <http://people.brandeis.edu/~sekuler/eegERP.html>.