Warm-Up: Update your Table of Contents BYOT TOMORROW! Get your analogies out to be checked – have a good one to share? Date Session # Activity Page 2/19 3 Cellular Processes – Intro to STERNGRR 6

Review…now that we’ve refreshed our memory we can add some details Organized Structure (cells & their organelles - DNA/genetic code) Grow and Develop (change over time = evolution; repair cells; make new cells) Respond to Environment (adapts) Reproduction (one of many metabolic or cellular processes)

Review Cells contain organelles and each organelle has a specific function to keep the cell alive…

* leave the green cards in the bag for now! Review Game Organelle Mix & Match – use the pink cards to match the organelle to its function * leave the green cards in the bag for now!

Review The two main processes are Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration but there are many more processes that ensure cell function & survival!

(Metabolic) Cellular Processes: The processes we will discuss…STERNGRR Synthesis (photosynthesis would fit here) Transport Excretion Regulation Nutrition Growth Respiration (cellular respiration would fit here) Reproduction

Synthesis How organisms build necessary molecules Examples: Protein Synthesis: making proteins Photosynthesis: plants make food using energy from sunlight

Synthesis Using your STERNGRR cards & match up organelles that would take part in the metabolic cellular process of synthesis!

Transport How organisms get what they need to cells (moving materials within the organism) Examples: Active Transport vs. Passive Transport

Transport Using your STERNGRR cards & match up organelles that would take part in the metabolic cellular process of transport!

Excretion How organisms get rid/break down their waste and balance their fluids Examples: Removing fluids to balance water Removing unused molecules from food

Excretion Using your STERNGRR cards & match up organelles that would take part in the metabolic cellular process of excretion!

Sweating – reduces body temperature Regulation How organisms control body processes Examples: Important to homeostasis - to maintain balance within the body and adapt to changes Sweating – reduces body temperature

Sweating – reduces body temperature Regulation Using your STERNGRR cards & match up organelles that would take part in the metabolic cellular process of regulation! Sweating – reduces body temperature

Nutrition How organisms get or obtain food Examples: Fungi decompose dead remains (decomposer) Plants make their own food (autotroph) Animals consume other organisms and absorb food (heterotroph)

Nutrition Using your STERNGRR cards & match up organelles that would take part in the metabolic cellular process of regulation!

Growth How organisms make new cells and develop and repair necessary body parts Example: Mitosis Grow – to get larger in size; body size Develop – to change due to hormonal or mental cues

Growth Using your STERNGRR cards & match up organelles that would take part in the metabolic cellular process of growth! Grow – to get larger in size; body size Develop – to change due to hormonal or mental cues

QUICK REVIEW: Living things may be complex and made up of many levels 5. Organism 4. Organ System 3. Organs 2. Tissues Cells – basic unit of life * Atoms, Molecules *Elements

Muscle cell Muscle tissue Heart Circulatory System/ Organsim

Respiration How organisms make usable energy A series of chemical reactions that result in the release of energy called ATP

Respiration Using your STERNGRR cards & match up organelles that would take part in the metabolic cellular process of respiration!

Reproduction Organisms produce offspring Examples: Meiosis Sexual or Asexual Reproduction Prevents Extinction

Reproduction Using your STERNGRR cards & match up organelles that would take part in the metabolic cellular process of reproduction!

A Gummy Situation

Part 1: Create a Hypothesis… If I leave my gummy bear baby in water until Thursday, then…..because…..

Relationship Sets - Classwork Use the words on your vocab set 8 list as well as the STERNGRR words we learned today and construct 10 relationship sets!

Warm-Up: Update your Table of Contents Write a reminder about your “Acting Out the Roaring 20’s” in your agenda Get ready for a speedy lesson! Date Session # Activity Page 2/21 4 Cellular Processes – In Depth 7

Cellular Processes: The processes we will discuss… Review Photosynthesis 1. Cellular Respiration 2. Transport Active Passive Diffusion Osmosis 3. Mitosis

Photosynthesis - just a reminder… Plant cells use energy from the sun, carbon dioxide and water to make food Starting Materials Process Products Energy (sunlight) Carbon Dioxide Water The chloroplasts take the sunlight, carbon dioxide and water and makes food Sugars Oxygen

1. Cellular Respiration Animal Cells then use the oxygen and sugars to “breathe” and make energy (ATP) Starting Materials Process Products Sugars Oxygen The mitochondria takes the sugar and the oxygen and makes energy Energy (ATP) Carbon Dioxide Water

Cellular Respiration Review Question Why do you breathe more when you’re running around than when you’re sitting watching television?

Cellular Respiration Answer Because you’re requiring more energy when you run than when you’re just sitting watching TV right? So if you need more energy, then you need more oxygen to give you that energy so your cells undergo respiration!

2. TRANSPORT Things have to move in and out of the cell There are 2 types of transport Active Transport Passive Transport Remember: Which organelle allows things to enter or leave the cell?

Materials are moved in and out of cell using the cell’s energy Active VS. Passive Materials are moved in and out of cell using the cell’s energy Materials are moved in and out of cell WITHOUT using the cell’s energy Remember: Which organelle makes the energy for the cell again? What is that process called when the cell makes energy?

Passive Transport The cell uses two main processes to passively move materials in and out of the cell. Diffusion Osmosis

Diffusion BUT WHY?? Process by which molecules spread out Move from areas of HIGH concentration to LOW concentration BUT WHY??

Equilibrium Molecules don’t like to be crowded, so they diffuse, or spread out until their concentration is equal everywhere! This idea is known as equilibrium

Diffusion Review Question What happens to the concentration of Kool-Aid when you add water? Why?

Diffusion Review Answer The Kool-Aid begins to move throughout the water so the concentration of kool-aid becomes the same throughout the water and it reaches equilibrium

Diffusion Demo

Osmosis The diffusion of water through a membrane Remember: Which organelle would store water in the cell??

Osmosis Review Question Why do your hands get wrinkly when you’re in the water for a long time?

Osmosis Review Answer When your hands are in water for a long period time you wash off the oily substance that keeps water for entering your skin. So once that oily layer is washed away your skin becomes semi-permeable and water diffuses into your skin. Your hands become wrinkly because they are trying to reach equilibrium with the water!!

A Gummy Situation

Let’s take a break and check on our Gummy Bear Babies… Using the following vocabulary words, explain what happened to your baby: Transport (distinguish whether it is active or passive) Osmosis Diffusion Concentration Equilibrium

3. Mitosis The steps a cell goes through to reproduce and make more cells so an organism can grow and repair itself New cell is an exact copy of original cell

Mitosis Mitosis is a process broken down into 4 parts: Part 1: Prophase Part 2: Metaphase Part 3: Anaphase Part 4: Telophase

Cells Alive Animation Phases of Mitosis http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm

Bonus… If your gummy bear baby was alive, how could you use the word MITOSIS to describe what happened to it? Add this to your previous Quick Write for “A Gummy Situation” Part 2

Mitosis Use your book to fill out the graphic organizer for Mitosis…Pages E82-E83 Prophase Nuclear membrane disappears DNA condenses into chromosomes

Mitosis Metaphase Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell Chromosomes split into two identical separate chromosomes The 2 sets of chromosomes pull to the opposite ends of the cell Anaphase

Mitosis Telophase 2 new nuclear membranes form The cell pinches and divides into 2 new cells!! Mitosis Review Question: Why do you think it is important for the DNA/chromosomes to be copied before the cell divides?

Are You Smarter than a Vampire?? Twilight Mitosis Clip http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sOM_u1PY0s0