1 The Circulatory System Presentation given by: –G–Ginger Drain –N–Nancy Duggan –M–Marcus Edwards

The Circulatory System is responsible for transporting materials throughout the entire body. It transports nutrients, water, and oxygen to your billions of body cells and carries away wastes such as carbon dioxide that body cells produce. o The Blood o The Vessels o The Heart

BloodBlood What gets your blood moving? Your blood has traveled many a mile. Your blood is carrying quite a load. How much blood do YOU have? What is your blood composed of?

The beat of your heart Oxygen-poor blood (blue) flows from the body into the right atrium Blood flows through the right atrium into the right ventricle The right ventricle pumps the blood to the lungs, where the blood releases waste gases and picks up oxygen The newly oxygen-rich blood (red) returns to the heart and enters the left atrium Blood flows through the left atrium into the left ventricle The left ventricle pumps the oxygen-rich blood to all parts of the body

Vessels: well traveled ArteriesVeins

How Much do YOU have ? Young People Young People Adults Adults

Components  Red Blood Cells  White Blood Cells  Platelets  Plasma

Red Blood Cells Responsible for carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide Carry oxygen to cells Transport carbon dioxide back to lungs How many are in one drop of blood?

White Blood Cells Help the body fight off germs Attack and destroy germs when they enter the body How many are in one drop of blood?

Platelets Blood cells that help stop bleeding Sticky Stick to opening in vessels and attract other fibers and blood cells to help form the plug Another name for a platelet plug….

Plasma Liquid part of the blood Liquid part of the blood Half of your blood Half of your blood Carries other components throughout the body Carries other components throughout the body Made in liver Made in liver

Tubular Circulation A vessel is defined as a hollow utensil for carrying something: a cup, a bucket, a tube. A vessel is defined as a hollow utensil for carrying something: a cup, a bucket, a tube. Located throughout your body, your blood vessels are hollow tubes that circulate your blood. Located throughout your body, your blood vessels are hollow tubes that circulate your blood.

Types of Blood Vessels Arteries – carry blood away from the heart. Arteries – carry blood away from the heart. Veins – carry blood to the heart. Veins – carry blood to the heart. Capillaries – connect the arteries to veins. Capillaries – connect the arteries to veins.

Blood Vessels Child = 60,000 miles long. Child = 60,000 miles long. Adult = 100,000 miles long. Adult = 100,000 miles long.

Health Statistics Besides circulating blood, the blood vessels provide two important means of measuring vital health statistics: pulse and blood pressure. Besides circulating blood, the blood vessels provide two important means of measuring vital health statistics: pulse and blood pressure.

Blood Pressure When we measure blood pressure, we use the blood flowing through the arteries because it has a higher pressure than the blood in the veins. When we measure blood pressure, we use the blood flowing through the arteries because it has a higher pressure than the blood in the veins.

Blood Pressure The first number, which is higher, is taken when the heat beats during the systole phase. The first number, which is higher, is taken when the heat beats during the systole phase. The second number, is taken when the heart relaxes during the diastole phase. The second number, is taken when the heart relaxes during the diastole phase.

Blood Pressure Systole Phase – normal blood pressure range is millimeters. Systole Phase – normal blood pressure range is millimeters. Diastole phase – normal blood pressure ranges over millimeters. Diastole phase – normal blood pressure ranges over millimeters.

The Heart Structures and Functions

Basic Structure

Functions Right-Hand Side of the Heart The right-hand side of the heart receives de-oxygenated blood from the body tissues (from the upper- and lower-body via the Superior Vena Cava and the Inferior Vena Cava, respectively) into the right atrium. This de-oxygenated blood passes through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. This blood is then pumped under higher pressure from the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary artery

Functions Left-Hand Side of the Heart The left-hand side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs (via the pulmonary veins) into the left atrium. This oxygenated blood then passes through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle. It is then pumped to the aorta under greater pressure (as explained below). This higher pressure ensures that the oxygenated blood leaving the heart via the aorta is effectively delivered to other parts of the body via the vascular system of blood vessels (incl. arteries, arterioles, and capillaries).

Cardiac Conduction System Electrical System LUB-DUB

Interesting Heart Facts What causes the sound your heart makes? When someone listens to your heart with a stethoscope the sound is often described as - lub-dub lub-dub. The 1st heart sound (lub) is caused by the acceleration and deceleration of blood and vibration of the heart at the time of the closure of the Tricuspid and Mitral Valves. The 2nd heart sound (dub) is caused by the same acceleration and deceleration of blood and vibrations at the time of closure of the Pulmonic and Aortic Valves. How many times does you heart beat? The average heartbeat is 72 times per minute. In the course of one day it beats over 100,000 times. In one year the heart beats almost 38 million times, and by the time you are 70 years old, on average, it beats 2.5 billion times! Does your heart rate change as we age? Everyone's pulse (average heart rate per minute) changes as we age. Here is a chart of average pulse at different ages: How much blood does your heart pump? An average heart pumps 2.4 ounces (70 milliliters) per heartbeat. An average heartbeat is 72 beats per minute. Therefore an average heart pumps 1.3 gallons (5 Liters) per minute. In other words it pumps 1,900 gallons (7,200 Liters) per day, almost 700,000 gallons (2,628,000 Liters) per year, or 48 million gallons (184,086,000 liters) by the time someone is 70 years old. That's not bad for a 10 ounce pump! AgePulse Newborn months months year years years years years years years 85 adult