Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form.

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Presentation transcript:

Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form a polymer are called monomers. 23.4

Polymers Summary Two Types of Polymers Addition Polymers - An addition polymer forms when unsaturated monomers react to form a polymer Condensation Polymers - Condensation polymers are formed by the head-to-tail joining of monomer units. 23.4

Polyethylene

Polypropylene

Polyamides 23.4

Polysaccharides Summary Glucose and fructose are monosaccharides Glucose + fructose → sucrose (disaccharides) Starch and cellulose are polymers of monosaccharides

Glucose

Fructose

Disaccharides

Polysaccharides 24.2

Protein Summary Amino acid is any compound that contains an amino group (-NH 2 ) and a carboxyl group (-COOH) A peptide is any combination of amino acids (2 or more) where the amino group of one amino acid combined with the carboxyl group of another. Amino Acid + Amino Acid = Peptide Protein is a peptide with more than 100 amino acids

Amino Acids

Peptides

Proteins

DNA and RNA Summary DNA and RNA store genetic information Nucleotides is the monomer of DNA and RNA. A nucleotides is made up of a phosphate, sugar and a nitrogen base.

Nucleotides

DNA