MOTION ANALYSIS BY DR. AJAY KUMAR READER SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL EDU.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Principles of Biomechanics
Advertisements

BIOMECHANICS Achievement Standard 2.2.
ACTIVE MOVEMENT.
Normal Gait.
CHAPTER 18:PART 1 LOCOMOTION: SOLID SURFACE
Stair Gait Lecture Notes.
Biomechanics of Gait Walking
CHAPTER 20: LOCOMOTION: WHEN SUSPENDED AND FREE OF SUPPORT KINESIOLOGY Scientific Basis of Human Motion, 12 th edition Hamilton, Weimar & Luttgens Presentation.
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All Rights Reserved. Chapter 21: Locomotion: When Suspended and Free of Support KINESIOLOGY Scientific Basis of Human.
ACE’s Essentials of Exercise Science for Fitness Professionals
Chapter 6: Biomechanical Foundations of Physical Education and Sport
1 Gait Analysis – Objectives To learn and understand: –The general descriptive and temporal elements of the normal walking movement –The important features.
Lifting Lifting process is applied frequently by most of the people, so it’s very necessary to know the loads during lifting, include the weight of the.
Gait Analysis – Objectives
Gait Analysis – Objectives
Sports Mechanics Principles
DARTFISH ASSIGNMENT By Sam Durdin. What is a good Technique? Everyone has a different style of kicking. Although you may kick differently to others but.
Biomechanics in Physical Education Sports and Research
Lesson 6. Quote of the day... “It is the mark of an educated mind to be able to entertain a thought without accepting it.” - Aristotle.
Development of Human Locomotion
Biomechanics.  Linear momentum is the product of mass and velocity and implies a quantity of motion in a straight line.  The relationship is expressed.
Yr 11 HPE BIOMECHANICS. Biomechanics is the study of How living things move Efficiency of movement Knowledge of biomechanical principles can help us to.
Kinesiology. What is Biomechanics/Kinesiology? Study of human movement from the point of view of the physical sciences.
Biomechanics The study of forces and their effects on the human body
The Science of Biomechanics
CHAPTER 12:PART 1 THE CONDITIONS OF LINEAR MOTION
MECHANICS, MOTION AND MOVEMENT Motion Motion is movement and is divided into three main categories: 1.Linear motion 2.Angular motion 3.General motion (bola)
CHAPTER 13: THE CONDITIONS OF ROTARY MOTION
Biomechanical Principles and Applications PSE4U Mr. MacMillan.
Module 2562 A.2.1 FORCE FORCE is push or pull the unit is the NEWTON (10 N is approx the weight of 1 kg) force changes the state of motion of an object.
Biomechanics Introduction.
Beyond Human, or Just Really Amazing?. Biomechanics “the application of the principles of physics to the analysis of movement” Exercise Science, Ted Temertzoglou.
LAWS OF MOTION Biomechanics.
Biomechanics Principles & Application. 4 principles for coaching The example worked in the paper was one of maximum thrust (sprinting, jumping, and so.
Biomechanics Examines the internal and external forces acting on the human body and the effects produced by these forces Aids in technique analysis and.
Newton’s Laws of Motion Applicable to Angular Motion Dr. Ajay Kumar Professor School of Physical Education DAVV Indore.
KINESIOLOGY Scientific Basis of Human Motion, 12 th edition Hamilton, Weimar & Luttgens Presentation Created by TK Koesterer, Ph.D., ATC Humboldt State.
How to improve running using Math! Camille Olson MAT 170 MWF 10:45.
3-1 Kinesiology for Manual Therapies Chapter 3 Basic Biomechanical Factors and Concepts McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights.
MOTION ANALYSIS BY DR. AJAY KUMAR READER SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL EDU.
Sport studies biomechanics.
Gait Analysis – Objectives
CHAPTER 18:PART 2 LOCOMOTION: SOLID SURFACE KINESIOLOGY Scientific Basis of Human Motion, 12th edition Hamilton, Weimar & Luttgens Presentation Created.
Body Balance and Stability Control Balance is a very important factor in athletic performance Generally depends upon the location of the centre of mass.
As well as a players technical and tactical development, their physical development is paramount if they are to progress later in their footballing career.
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All Rights Reserved. Chapter 22: Impact KINESIOLOGY Scientific Basis of Human Motion, 11 th edition Hamilton, Weimar.
Movement Terminology & Biomechanical Principles Lecture 1 Dr
Sue Humphrey USA Track & Field
BIOMECHANICS PSE4U. B IOMECHANICS Biomechanics: how physical forces affects human performance.
Yr 11 HPE BIOMECHANICS Analysis of the Cartwheel.
SQUASH Physical Education Includes a Squash presentation aimed at year 13 students to complete the Achievement Standard 3.3 Squash Serve Phases Biomechanics.
Biomechanical Principles. What do we use biomechanics for? To improve performance we need to know: How the movement occurs How to make the movement How.
Biomechanics Is a study of forces and their effects on the human body during movement.
1 Gait Analysis – Objectives To learn and understand: –The general descriptive and temporal elements of the normal walking movement –The important features.
Bowls Coaching Technique Analysis
Chapter 6: Biomechanical Foundations of Physical Education and Sport
CHAPTER 2 Mechanical Principles: Kinetics
Principles of Motion and STability
Balance and Stability.
Chapter 10 Biomechanics of Physical Activity
Somersaulting – Angular Kinetics
The Science of Biomechanics
Biomechanical Principles
Normal Gait.
FORCE STUDENTS LEARN ABOUT: STUDENTS LEARN TO:
Chapter 1:Introduction to the Study of Kinesiology
Higher National 6 Badminton
Mechanics 1 Axis and planes of the body
Biomechanical Principles and levers
Presentation transcript:

MOTION ANALYSIS BY DR. AJAY KUMAR READER SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL EDU.

KINESIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS A kinesiological analysis of a motor skill consist of breaking the skill into its constituent elements, of determining the nature of each movement and identifying the appropriate mechanical and anatomical principles.

POINTS TO BE KEPT IN MIND What joints are involved What are their exact movement in motion Are any joint used their full range What muscles are responsible for joint action What are the nature of contraction of each muscle Do any of the muscle group exert maximal or near maximal effort

POINTS TO BE KEPT IN MIND (cont) What anatomical and mechanical principles contribute for maximal efficiency and accuracy (their identification, their faults and their correction) What principles are directly related to avoidance of injuries

Mechanical Analysis The mechanical analysis of an activity involves the identification of laws and principles which help to explain the most appropriate form for the execution of the activity and to identify the mechanical reason for success or failure.

Biomechanical Analysis Biomechanical analysis is the process of identifying both the internal as well as external forces coming into play during the performance and the effect produced by these forces on that performance.

WHY MAKE ANALYSIS As an aid to effective teaching Provide instructor a sound background for presenting a motor skill It provide instructor an X-Ray eye to diagnose fault and difficulty It make instructor more aware of types on injuries which may occur

Methods of Analysis Qualitative Analysis Quantitative Analysis

Methods of Analysis Qualitative Analysis : The performance is evaluated subjectively on the basis of direct visual observation. Quantitative Analysis : The performance is first recorded using photography, cinematography, electromyography or some other technique and then evaluated objectively on the basis of measurements.

Characteristics of Qualitative Analysis Used by Phy Edu. Teachers, coaches, athletes, spectators etc. Based on a simple Visual observation of the result. It is a systematic evaluation not only results but also all the various factors which have contributed. Use of Video Feedback method is now a days more popular. It is subjective in nature

Characteristics of Quantitative Analysis Used extensively by researchers occasionally by coaches and rarely by physical edu. Teachers. Used for searching new techniques Used for searching new equipments Used for enhancing the performance Expensive equipments are required Highly trained people are required

Characteristics of Quantitative Analysis (Cont) More time are required for this type of analysis Generally conducted at the highest level of competition It is basically objective in nature

Basic Steps in Qualitative Analysis Step 1 : Development of a model (or block diagram) showing the relationship between the results and the factors that produce that results RESULTS FACTORS WHICH PRODUCES RESULTS

Basic Steps in Qualitative Analysis (cont) Step 2 : Observation of the performance and identification of faults. Step 3 : Evaluation of the relative importance of these faults Step 4 : Instructions to the performer in accord with the conclusion reached in the course of the analysis

STEPS OF ANALYSIS Name of the skill Brief description of the skill The specific objective of the motor skill Identification of major and secondary categories

STEPS OF ANALYSIS (cont) The objectives of analysis i.e. mechanical, anatomical or both Identification of principles Application of principles in motor skills

Analysis of Walking Name of the skill: Walking

Description of Skill Walking is a reflex action. No conscious control is required. If attention is focused on any part of the gait tension is likely to develop and rhythem is lost Walking is performed by alternating action of two lower extremities.

Description of Skill (cont) It is an example of translatory motion of the body as a whole which is brought about by means of the angular motion of some of its part. It is also an example of a periodic or pendular like motion in which the moving segment may be said to start at zero, pass through its arc of motion and fall to zero again.

Description of Skill (cont) In walking each lower extremities undergoes two phase; the swinging phase and the supporting phase. The supporting phase is further divided into a restraining phase (from the moment the foot touches the ground until it is directly under the center of the body)

Description of Skill (cont) The next phase of supporting phase is propulsion phase (from the moment when the foot is under the center of gravity until it leaves the ground).

Objective of Motor Skill To produce a efficient linear motion of the body as a whole by using proper functioning of the reflexes, normal flexibility of the joints and optimum use of the muscular force and optimum stability of the body as a whole in the weight bearing phase of the motion.

Identification of Categories Primary Category: Giving impetus to one’s own body. Secondary Category: Supported by ground and locomotion on foot.

Objective of Analysis Mechanical Analysis

Identification of Principles Both part of law of inertia Law of action and reaction Law of lever Newton’s second law Law of stability Law of Friction

Application of Mechanical Principles Principle 1: A body at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by a force. Since walking is produces by a pendular like motion of the lower extremities the inertia of the body must be overcome at every step.

Application of Mechanical Principles (cont) Principle 2: A body in motion will continue in motion unless acted upon by a force. Since motion is imparted to the trunk by the backward thrust of the leg, the trunk has a tendency to continue moving forward even beyond the base of support. A brief restraining action of the forward leg serve as a check on the momentum of the trunk.

Application of Mechanical Principles (cont) Principle 3: Force applied diagonally consist of two components, horizontal and vertical. The vertical component in walking serves to counteract the downward pull of the gravity. The horizontal component serves (1) in the restraining phase to check the forward motion and (2) in the propulsion phase to produce it.

Principles (cont) Principle 4 : Translatory motion of a lever is achieved by the repeated alternate motion of two rotatory motion. The lever turning first about one end and then the other end. In walking, the lower extremity alternates between rotating about the foot point of contact with the ground and the hip joint.

Principles (cont) Principle 5: the speed of the gait is directly related to the magnitude of the pushing force to the direction of its application. This force is provided by the extensor muscles of the hip, knee and ankle joint, and the direction of application is determined by the slant of the lower extremity when the force is being applied.

Principles (cont) Principle 6: The economy of the gait is related to its timing with reference to the length of the limbs. The most economical gait is one which is so timed as to permit pendular motion of the lower extremities.

Principles (cont) Principle 7 : Walking has been described as an alternating loss and recovery of balance. This indicates that a new base of support must be established at every step.

Principles (cont) Principle 8 : As propulsion of the body is brought about by the diagonal push of the foot against the supporting surface, the efficiency of the locomotion depends on the counter pressure and friction provided by the supporting surface.

Principles (cont) Principle 9 : Stability of the body is directly related to the size of base of support. In walking the lateral distance between the feet is a factor in maintaining balance. –Too narrow a lateral distance between the feet decrease the balance –Too wide a lateral distance between the feet increase stability but cause the body sway side to side –The optimum position of the feet appears perfect when the inner borders of foot falls along a single straight line