goodbye! ….

to all things that are connected by cable…… NOW it can be connected using….

WIRELESS COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES

What is communication? Communication is the process of sharing ideas, information, and messages with others in a particular time and place. It’s Importance Communication is a vital part of personal life and is also important in business, education, and any other situation where people encounter each other. Due to the various constraints of cost,time and space we have given birth to WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

WIRELESS COMMUNICATION MERITS Easier to connect devices. Freedom of space. Easy connectivity in areas where cables are hard to lay. Long-term cost benefits in dynamic environment. DE-MERITS Initial setup cost is high Present transfer rates offered by wireless do not match the transfer rates of wired connectivity. Security is more difficult to guarantee. Long-term cost benefits are least in static environments.

Classification

WIRELESS PERSONAL AREA NETWORKS (WPAN) Primarily deals with interfacing your personal devices. PDA’s, Laptops, Cellular Phones etc. can be interfaced for effective data communication They generally have a short range with minimum power consumption

WPAN Technologies Bluetooth IEEE IrDA Ultrawideband (UWB)

BLUETOOTH It’s an emerging WPAN technology. Developed by “Special Interest Group (SIG)” formed in Founding members include Ericsson, Nokia, Intel, IBM and Toshiba. At present the number of participating companies is now over 1,500.

Bluetooth – Technical Details Operating Frequency Transfer Rate Range Power Consumption 2.4 GHz 1.0 Mbps 10 meters Very less

Bluetooth: Working Max of 8 devices can be connected The 8 devices form 1 Piconet 1 device acts as the master and the remaining 7 are slaves Each slave is assigned a 3 bit address Two piconets in range form a Scatternet A device in one piconet can act as a master or slave in another piconet 2 piconets can share data based on mutual agreement

Interfacing Your PDA, Laptop, Cell Phone

At home it Functions as cordless phone with normal landline charges On the move it acts as cellular phone with cellular charges When it comes in range with another blue tooth enabled phone it performs the functions of a walkie talkie with no charges The 3 In 1 Phone

Other WPAN Technologies IEEE : Developed by the IEEE for short range communication Not compatible with Bluetooth or the family of IEEE family but uses both their elements Data rates of 20 Mbps Consumes 50% more power than Bluetooth Ultrawideband (UWB) : It’s still in development phases Claims to have a transfer rate of 100Mbps at 10m range Products with UWB is not expected to release before 2005

WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK (WLAN) WLAN technologies are used to replace or extend the capabilities of wired LAN. Range and data transfer rates are better when compared to WPAN technologies. WLAN technologies are preferred in College Campuses,Office Networks etc.

WLAN Technologies IEEE b IEEE a IEEE g Hiperlan2 (High Performance Local Area Networks )

IEEE b or Wi-Fi Developed by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers). One of the first universally accepted WLAN protocols and therefore is very popular. Offers good data rates and security.

IEEE b – Technical Details Operating Frequency Transfer Rate Range Power Consumption 2.4 GHz 11.0 Mbps 100 meters Nominal

IEEE b : WORKING Two primarily used networks topologies are 1. Basic Service Set (BSS) 2. Extended Basic Service Set (EBSS) Security Each terminal is identified by a 128 bit encryption code The IEEE b provides the option of WEP (Wired equivalency Privacy) i.e. encryption of data transmitted

Ad Hoc Network C1 C2 C3C4 Basic Service Set (BSS) or The Ad-Hoc Structure

Extended Basic Service Set (EBSS) BSS -B Access Point AP 2 C3C4 BSS -A C1 C2 Access Point AP 1 Main Server

Other WLAN Technologies IEEE a Offers Higher Data rates (54 Mbps) Waiting for approval in Europe Not compatible with IEEE b since the operating frequency is 5GHz IEEE g offers the data rates of IEEE a and also operates at 2.4 GHz waiting for approval in US an Europe Hiperlan 2: High Performance Local Area Network Developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute Offers data rates similar to IEEE a and operates at 5 GHz

Wireless Wide Area Networks (WWAN) WWAN technologies are primarily used for cellular communication Cellular Service Providers aim at providing additional features rather than just voice communication The present 2G technology supports voice and limited data technology. The 3G system focuses on multimedia content (voice,data,movies,fax etc.)

Cellular Technology Structure CELLULAR TECHNOLOGIES GSM (2G) GPRS (2.5G) EDGE (3G) UTMS 2000 (3G) CDMA (2G) CDMA 1xRTT (2.5G) CDMA 2000 (3G)

WWAN Technologies GSM : Global Mobile System (2G technology) Used in Over 170 countries Combination of TDMA and FDMA Extensively used in Europe Operates at 900 MHz,1.8GHz or 1.9Ghz CDMA : Code Division Multiple Access (2G) Used in North America Generally more efficient in comparison to GSM Operates at 1.25Ghz

Welcome to the WIRELESS WORLD