Sean Black 15 th June 2009 Developing Solutions for CO 2 Capture MARC Conference Traverse City, MI, POWER SYSTEMS

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. The Alstom Group: a worldwide leader in its activities Coal, Gas, Hydro, Nuclear, Wind = Full Power Systems Portfolio N°1 in air quality control systems N°1 in services for electric utilities N°1 in integrated power plants N°1 in hydro power N°1 in conventional nuclear power island Recent acquisition of wind power Power Transport Total orders 2008/09: € 24.6 bn

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. Investment priorities Use of Energy −Consumer behavior −Efficient appliances and buildings −Energy management Technology Mix − Nuclear − Renewables Production Efficiency − Fuel Preparation/Retrofit − New generation plants Carbon Capture and Storage Alstom involvement   Source: Power Systems analysis

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. CO 2 Capture Solutions Pre-combustion (New only) Power Plant with CO 2 Capture Source: Vattenfall Post-combustion Oxy-combustion (New +retrofit) (New+retrofit) SOLUTIONS DEVELOPED BY ALSTOM - Chilled Ammonia Scrubbing - Advanced Amines - Oxy PC - Oxy CFB CCS solutions must adapt to installed base

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. Long Term Research Laboratory Stage Pilot/Demo stage Commercial >15 years years 5-10 years < 5 years Time to Market Long Term Research Laboratory Stage Pilot/Demo stage Commercial >15 years years 5-10 years < 5 years Time to Market Chemical Looping Oxy CFB Oxy PC Anti-sublimation Ammonia Scrubbing Advanced Amines High surface solids, membranes, enzyme,algae, solid absorbent Oxy- and Post-Combustion Technologies Overview Oxy-combustionPost-combustion

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. Main Partnerships & Projects Portfolio Chilled Ammonia Jänschwalde (Germany) – Lignite Pleasant Prairie (US) – Coal5 MWt Oxy-combustion Belchatow (Poland) – Lignite Joint development programme West Virginia Pilot (USA) - Coal 20 MWt 250 MWe 250 Mwe (Feasibility study) Mountaineer (US) – Coal Commercial Scale Plant (US) – Coal 30 MWt >200 MWe TransAlta (Canada) – Coal200 MWe Lacq (France) – Gas30 MWt Advanced Amines Mongstad (Norway) – Gas40 MWt Karlshamm (Sweden) – Oil/Gas5 MWt Schwarze Pumpe (Germany) – Lignite30 MWt 4 Pilots in commissioning/operation

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. Cooling and Cleaning CO 2 Absorption CO 2 Regeneration Chilled Ammonia Process Principle Cooled flue gas is treated with ammonium carbonate in solution, which reacts with CO 2 to form ammonium bicarbonate Raising the temperatures reverses the above reactions – releasing pressurized CO 2 Advantages Energy-efficient capture of CO 2 High CO 2 purity Tolerant to oxygen and flue gas impurities Stable reagent, no degradation possible, no emission of trace contaminants Low-cost, globally available reagent A promising technology!

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. Chilled Ammonia Field Pilot at We Energies Industrial pilot program Project participation through EPRI by 37 US and international utilities Designed to capture 1,600+ kg CO 2 /hour − About 15,000 tonnes/yr at full capacity Operations commenced June 2008 − Currently in 24 x 7 operations − Over 5,500 hours operation − Achieved 90% capture in continuous operation at full load Program provides data necessary to establish “proof of concept” CO 2 Field Pilot at Pleasant Prairie Pleasant Prairie Power Plant (“P4”) A great technical success!

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. We Pilot – Operating Data Overall CO 2 Capture Efficiency in Absorbers Overall CO 2 Capture efficiency in Absorbers : 88 %

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. We Pilot – Operating Data Total CO 2 Captured in Absorbers & Released from Regenerator

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. We Pilot - Operating Data CO 2 Product Quality CO 2 Concentration in product stream: 99.7% Moisture Content: 0.3%

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. Chilled Ammonia Field Pilot at E.ON Karlshamn Industrial pilot program Designed to capture over 1,600 kg CO2/hr ‒ About 15,000 tonnes/yr at full capacity Unit commenced operations in April 2009 Testing to continue for at least 12 months CAP Field Pilot Karlshamn Power Plant (Sweden)

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. Chilled Ammonia Product Validation Facility at AEP Mountaineer Technology Validation Program Designed to capture 100,000 tonnes CO 2 /year Captured CO 2 will be sequestered into two wells on the plant property Commenced engineering and permitting in Oct 2007 Started construction 2Q 2008 Project start-up Sept 2009 Alstom’s Chilled Ammonia Process at AEP’s Mountaineer Plant, All pictures of the Mountaineer CO 2 Capture and Storage Project are the property of Alstom Power and/or AEP

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. Advanced Amine Process Principle Flue gas is treated with aqueous amine solution, which reacts with CO 2 At raised temperatures CO 2 is released and solution recovered for re-use Advantages More efficient capture of CO 2 Higher tolerance against oxygen & trace contaminants Lower solvent degradation rates, leading to: −Lower consumption of chemicals −Lower emissions of degradation products −Lower production of effluents and waste Exclusive Partnership with World’s Largest Supplier of Amines

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. Oxy-Combustion Process A sound technological option Principle Air Separation Units are used to produce pure oxygen stream Fuel is combusted in oxygen combined with recycled CO 2 Resulting flue gas is concentrated CO 2 stream with impurities that are removed using conventional air quality control systems and gas processing units Advantages Reliability: components exist, only adaptation to power gen and scale-up All types of boilers / firing systems adaptable to oxy to cover complete fuel range Rapid scale-up to large size possible after demos. Retrofit in Oxy can be addressed Large panel of entities involved in development, contributing to reach solid consensus

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. Boiler successfully started Sept 08 - PAC Dec 08 – Testing on-going Boiler FGC CO2 Compression Air Separation Unit CO2 Purification Control Room FGD ESP (source: Vattenfall) Current Status Oxy-PC Schwarze Pumpe – 30 MWth Oxy Boiler island Goal Validation of oxy-fuel process, started Sept 08 Main features Boiler 30 MWth 40t/h Coal 5,2 t/h lignite Cycle 25b/330°C Oxygen 215 t/day CO 2 11 t/hr Alstom scope: oxy-boiler and ESP

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. Scale-up challenge from 2008 to MWt X 50

ALSTOM © We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden. Conclusions The Chilled Ammonia process is showing good potential and development is on track for commercialisation by 2015 It is now time to move to large-scale demonstrations −EU and Canada are taking the lead to fund these programs CCS technologies for new and existing power plants are a must −Part of a solution that includes: efficiency improvements, nuclear and renewable energy Alstom current partnerships and demonstration projects are designed to demonstrate key CCS technologies operating on both coal and gas Alstom is committed to make CCS a successful technology!