Landsat 8 The Landsat Data Continuity Mission LDCM SRR/MDR/PNAR 22-24 April 2008 Landsat 8 The Landsat Data Continuity Mission Western States ET Workshop Boise, Idaho October 22, 2012 Jim Irons LDCM Project Scientist Earth Sciences Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland

Enabling 40 Years of Global Land Surface Observations Landsat History Enabling 40 Years of Global Land Surface Observations

NASA leads development and launch of satellite observatory NASA / USGS Parnership NASA leads development and launch of satellite observatory Spacecraft Two-instrument payload Operational Land Imager – OLI Thermal Infrared Sensor – TIRS USGS leads ground system development and post-launch operations Mission Operations Center – MOC Ground Network Element – GNE Data Processing and Archive System (DPAS)

Project Status Courtesy of Orbital

Landsat 8 on schedule for February 11 launch date Atlas V 401 launch vehicle selected by NASA Kennedy Space Center Contract with United Launch Alliance (ULA) Kickoff meeting held in October 2010 Launch will be from Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB), California

LDCM Atlas V Lower Stage ULA Facility, Decatur, Alabama

Upper and Lower Stages Now at VAFB Lower stage arrived via Antonov AN-124 aircraft flight on August 27 Upper stage Centaur arrived September 14 via truck

Integrated Satellite Observatory

Observatory Testing at Orbital The observatory is in the final phases of testing at the Orbital Science Corp. facility in Gilbert, Arizona Successfully completed electromagnetic interference / electromagnetic compatibility (EMI/EMC) in August Successfully completed dynamics testing (acoustics and vibration) in September The final phase of testing, thermal vacuum (T/Vac) began Saturday, October 20 Shipment to VAFB scheduled for December EMI/EMC Test Chamber at Orbital

Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) TIRS built in-house at NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center TIRS was officially added to the scope of the mission in December 2009 Critical Design Review held April 2010 Fully assembled & tested TIRS shipped to Orbital on February 08, 2012 TIRS was not added to the payload until western states water managers, with organization by the Western States Water Council, advocated for restoration of Landsat thermal imaging requirements 10

Fully Assembled TIRS Instrument description Two spectral bands at 10.8 and 12 micrometers 100 m spatial resolution Pushbroom LWIR sensor Four-lens telescope FPA consisting of three 2-dimensional Quantum Well Infrared Photodector (QWIP) sensor chip assemblies Mechanically cooled focal plane; BATC provided cryo cooler NEdT @ 300K < 0.4 Mass: 240 Kg Operational Power: 380 W Size: 80 cm x 76 cm x 43 cm (with earth shield deployed)

TIRS and ETM+ Spectral Bands L7 ETM+ Thermal Band LDCM TIRS Band Requirements Band 6 60 m LWIR 10.00 - 12.50 100 m LWIR 10.30 – 11.30 Band 10 100 m LWIR 11.50 – 12.50 Band 11

Operational Land Imager (OLI) OLI built by Ball Aerospace & Technology Corp. (BATC) of Boulder, CO Contract awarded in July 2007 Critical design review held October, 2008 Fully assembled & tested OLI shipped to spacecraft vendor on October 02, 2011

Fully Assembled OLI Instrument description 8 VIS/NIR/SWIR bands w/ 30 m spatial resolutions one panchromatic band w/ 15 m resolution Pushbroom sensor Four-mirror telescope with front aperture stop Focal Plane Assembly (FPA) consisting of 14 sensor chip assemblies, passively cooled Absolute radiometric accuracy < 5% Mass: 450Kg Operational Power: 160 W Size: 1.8 m x 2 m x 1 8 m

OLI Spectral Bands

Top Level Mission Ops Concept - Continuity Fly Landsat 8 in legacy orbit (705 km, near-polar, sun-synchronous) Ground tracks maintained along heritage WRS-2 paths with 10:00 a.m. equatorial crossing time & 16 day repeat period Collect image data for multiple spectral bands (Vis/NIR/SWIR/TIR) across 185 km swath along each path Provide coverage of global land mass each season by scheduling the collection of 400 WRS-2 scenes per day Maintain rigorous calibration Archive data and distribute data products Provide nondiscriminatory access to general public, generate Level 1 data products, distribute data products at no cost upon request Direct broadcast of data to network of international ground stations having memoranda-of-understanding with USGS

Take-Away Messages Landsat 8 launch date is February 11, 2013 Nominal operations begin 90 days after launch OLI and TIRS will provide the best Landsat data in the proud, 40 year history of the program TIRS would not be on the satellite without the support of western states water managers USGS EROS will distribute Landsat 8 data products for free Continues current Landsat data policy 17

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Back Up

February 11, 2013

Polar Orbits for Global Views

Urgency Landsat 7 - 7 years beyond design life Gyro 3 Failure (Shut down May 5, 2004) Working additional improvements for software gyro Other Spacecraft Issues (non-critical) Solid State Recorder – 4 memory boards Electrical Power Subsystem – shunt #14 and shunt #6 Fuel Line Thermostat Scan Line Corrector Failure (May 31, 2003) Bumper Mode Operations (April 1, 2007) Landsat 5 - 24 years beyond design life Launched in 1984 with three year design life Operations suspend in November, 2011 LDCM - launch February, 2013 Five year design life (through 2017) A launch failure would virtually guarantee a multi-year data gap

ETM+ SLC Failure Impact Note that the images show partial scenes, from the western edge through the scene center.

LDCM Spacecraft Spacecraft contract awarded to General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems (GDAIS) in April, 2008 GDAIS sold to Orbital Sciences Corporation in April 2010 Space craft will accommodate OLI and TIRS Provides pointing, power, data capacity, etc. to support LDCM operations Orbital Sciences Corporation is integrating OLI and TIRS onto the spacecraft at their Gilbert, AZ facility and will ship the observatory to the launch site in Autumn 2012

Ground System Operational Architecture