 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department Future Of Transportation… Ed Kjaer Director Electric Transportation Its Electrifying!

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 2 Background- SCE Service Territory 50,000 square miles 4.5 million customers 21,000 MW summer peak demand 20% renewables generation mix $11b revenue

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 3 Background- SCE Service Territory Greater South Coast Air Basin  4-county region in CA  16 million people- projecting 15% increase by 2010  261 thousand diesel vehicles  9 million gasoline vehicles  80 + Truck stops  One major sea port  Four major air ports Majority of emissions from mobile sector Source: SCAQMD & CEC GHG Other 58% Mobile 42% NOX VOC

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 4 Overview of Auto industry Trends in US

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 5 Oil…Its In The “Driver’s” Seat US “oil addiction” 60+ % imported China & India Middle East volatility …Are we too reliant? Resulting in $75 barrel… $100 by ? pump… $4+ by ?

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 6 Driving down SUV Sales

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 7 Driving Down SUV Sales January- a new Tahoe SUV- av. 7 days on lot and av. transaction price = $42,191 Today same Tahoe SUV- av. 62 days on lot and av. Transaction price = $37,667 source: Automotive News August 7 Consumers are moving away from SUVs to smaller cars in what he characterizes as a "tectonic shift". Source: Mark Fields, Ford

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 8 Driving Up Fuel Economy Advertising

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 9 And Going Green… Research shows that 70% of Americans are now "very concerned" with the environment and that fuel efficiency is one of three most important factors in influencing people's choice of cars. Source: Ford

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 10 Celebrity Endorsements!

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 11 And Waving the Flag!

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 12 Oil’s Driving Growth of Alternative Fuels Growing call for domestic alternative fuel Recognizing electricity as an alt. fuel

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 13 But The Real News Is Hybrids Source: Toyota

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 14 Global Hybrid Sales Source: Toyota

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 15 Toyota Hybrid Leadership “I truly believe Toyota CAN BE part of the solution to the great issues of our times... issues like energy independence...air pollution...health care...safety...and global warming.” “Hybrid technology can be teamed with every other promising technology to make it even more efficient and fuel-stingy...whether its high-tech gas engines...clean diesels...bio-diesel...ethanol...plug-in hybrids...or hydrogen fuel cells.” “At Toyota, alone, we're spending an average of $22.7 million PER DAY on research and development.” Jim Press, Pres. Toyota North America

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 16 Its More Than Just The Oil… Its About Sustainability

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 17 Which is Driving A PHEV National Movement-

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 18 Including The Auto “Ecoist” Today’s auto “Ecoist” v 60’s “enthusiast” (mpg v speed)

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 19 …Part Of A Fundamental Convergence Increasingly Transportation Is Becoming “Electricity” Powered Hybrid vehicles today; Plug-in-Hybrids and fuel cell vehicles tomorrow Electrification at marine ports, truck facilities, airports, and rail yards Electrification at marine ports, truck facilities, airports, and rail yards Electric goods movement equipment Electric goods movement equipment

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 20 …And Bigger Than Just Our Cars Capacity, load management safety, energy efficiency

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 21 Increasingly We’re using “Electricity” For Efficiency ICE HEVPHEVBEV/FCEV

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 22 Plugging In To Our Future

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 23 Benefiting From The Grid

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 24 Grid Versus Gasoline “Electricity”

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 25 Grid Electricity- CO2 “Well to Wheels” CA – average = 250 – 300 grams per kWh CA - marginal today = 330 grams per kWh and US in 2050 CA in 2050 = about 150 grams per kWh

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 26 State Of PHEV Technology

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 27 …And Automaker Response? “Today, we are pursuing a "plug-in" hybrid vehicle that can travel greater distances without using its gas engine...conserving more oil AND slicing smog and greenhouse gases to nearly imperceptible levels.” Toyota “We are very keenly looking at it and working with that technology.” Bill Ford “General Motors, losing sales to fuel-efficient cars from Toyota Motor, is developing a hybrid- electric vehicle with a battery that recharges at any outlet, GM executives familiar with the plan said”

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 28 SCE Leadership

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 29 SCE Leadership- Hydrogen

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 30 SCE’s Leadership- EV Technical Center (EVTC)

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 31 SCE’s Vision- Near Term Energy Batteries

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 32 SCE’s Vision- Future “Smart” Meters (AMI)

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 33 SCE Vision- Long Term Vehicle To Grid (V2G)

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 34 MY PHEV “Crystal Ball”

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 35 Conclusions Oil is driving our future… Energy Security plus Environment Hybridization is a nexus to all other “alternative” technologies Energy Storage (batteries) is a nexus for mobile and stationary system “sustainability to “avoid” it!

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 36 Conclusions

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 37 A Final Thought Brazil may have a unique opportunity… You have an existing alt. fuel infrastructure You have a dominance of renewable energy (Hydro) Grid-connected transportation supported with bio-fuels could be key to your Energy Security and Environmental Future!

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department Thank You…

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 39 Activists At Work

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 40 Diesel Has Challenges

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 41 “Electricity”- Pathway to Efficiency

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 42 Next Generation Prius- With a Plug?

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 43 Our Fuel Economy- Not Good Enough

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 44 The Tesla Beauty- More Than Skin Deep

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 45 Energy Choices for Transportation

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 46 EVs at SCE Since 1990

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 47 Heavy Duty HEV Evaluation

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 48 SCE’s Hybrid EV Fleet Programs

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 49 SCE’s Hydrogen Activities

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 50 SCE AMI System

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 51 Trends- US Hybrid Sales Source: Toyota

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 52 Trends- Toyota’s Hybrids

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 53 Trends- The Domestic Autos Challenge

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 54 Trends- Trading “mpg” for “miles per minute” ? Signs of consumer backlash to “muscle hybrids”?

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 55 Other PHEV Drivers

 EV Technical Center  Electric Transportation Department 56 Important Websites