北京市东城区课件共享工程 优秀课件展播 项目负责 : 陈鸽 北京市东城区教研中心 授课教师 : 李云霞 宋玲 张宜诗 胡丽丽 孙苗 北京市第 171 中学

Unit 13 The water planet READING: THE PROPERTIES OF THE PROPERTIES OF WATER WATER

PRE-READING Activity 1. Structure of the passage A: 1 minute to skim the passage, focusing on the titles (title and subtitles)in the text and then fill in the chart below. You do not need to read the whole text. THE PROPERTIES OF WATER CHEMICAL STRUCTURE SALINITY DENSITY HEAT CAPACITY OCEAN MOTION

B: Use the topic of each paragraph and the structure above to make six questions. Work in groups and fill in the questions. Write down your answers and anything else you know about the topic. What is / are_________? What can_________ be compared to? What does ________ look like? How does________work? What are different parts of_________? What are some examples of________?

Activity 2. Word Study A: Look at the titles of the reading. Which of the following words do you think will be in the reading passage when we talk about this topic. range sensitiv e decreas e absorb freezing float stable dissolv e

range: to vary within specified limits dissolve: to reduce (solid matter) to liquid form; melt form; melt float: to cause to remain suspended without sinking or falling without sinking or falling decrease: to grow or cause to grow gradually less or smaller, as in number, less or smaller, as in number, amount amount absorb: to take something in stable: resistant to change of position or condition condition sensitive: responsive to external conditions or stimulation stimulation

B: Look at the words below and put them into the correct column. You may refer to the “Vocabulary” part in the book.solidmoleculeatomoxygenhydrogen(kilo)grammedensitymassvolumecubiccapacitysubstancecentigradedensegallonmotionChemicalPhysical molecule atom oxygen hydrogen solid (kilo)gramme density mass volume cubic capacity substance centigrade dense gallon motion

C: Word study P20 1. The letters of the following words have been mixed up. Put the letters in the correct order. 1 otma ____________ 2 quicnu ___________ 3 sdlio ____________ 4 oasbrb ___________ 5 cgmetidea ___________ 6 rupe ___________ 7 nhroygde __________ 8 yoxgen ____________ 9 assm ___________ 10 fatol ___________ atom unique solid absorb centigrade pure hydrogen oxygen mass float

Topic Sentence of the text: Paragraph: ________ Sentence: Topic Sentence of SALINITY: Paragraph: ______ Sentence: Topic Sentence of CHEMICAL STRUCTURE: Paragraph: ________ Sentence: Activity 3. Activity 3. Finding Topic Sentences Learning about the properties of water helps us understand life on our planet. The chemical structure of water makes it an excellent medium for life. The salinity of the earth's oceans is about thirty-five parts per thousand, meaning that there are about thirty-five grammes of dissolved solids and gases in one kilogramme of water. READING:

Topic Sentence of HEAT CAPACITY: Paragraph: ________ Sentence: Topic Sentence of DENSITY: Paragraph: ________ Sentence: 4 The density of pure water is 1,000 kg/m3, meaning that one cubic metre of water weighs one thousand kilogrammes. 5 Heat capacity is the mount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree centigrade. Topic Sentence of OCEAN MOTION: Paragraph: ________ Sentence: 6 Since changes in salinity and temperature affect water's density, the water in the ocean is always moving.

incredibly: unbelievably doubtfully extremely questionably Activity 4. Activity 4. Comprehension A Paragraph 1. marine life: (definition based on the text) Ninety-nine percent of the living space on earth is in the oceans. Life in the oceans ranges from the tiniest plankton all the (paraphrase) way up to giants like sharks and whales. (paraphrase) __________________________________________________________ √ √

Normal state of water: solid liquid gas negative end: + – ↑ ↓ positive end: + – ↑ ↓ polar: + – ↑ ↓ medium: average channel means condition Paragraph 2. H 2 O:2_______________ + 1____________ = 1___________ Hydrogen Atoms Oxygen Atom H 2 O Molecule √ √√ √ √ √

Why is the chemical structure of water important? 1. Because water is polar, it can break down both solids and gases. 2.The nutrients in whatever falls into the ocean quickly become available to other living creatures. 3. The chemical structure of water also makes it different from almost everything else on earth. The nutrients in whatever falls into the ocean quickly become available to other living creatures. (paraphrase) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

salinity of sea water: 35‰ 35% Paragraph 3. sea water (salt water) = ________________+ ________________+_________________ salinity of sea water affects: ___________and____________________√ dissolved gases dissolved solids pure water weight freezing point Paragraph 4. Factors of density: ___________ and _______________ Unit of density: _____________ = ________________________________ Density of pure water: ____________________ = ______________________________________________________________ When water freezes, its density decreases. If it did not, the oceans would be frozen solid. (paraphrase) ______________________________________________________________________________ massvolume kg/m3 kilogrammes per cubic metre 1,000 kg/m3 one cubic metre of water weighs one thousand kilogrammes

Opposite word/phrase of absorb: give off change create Heat capacity: water temperature substanc energy Paragraph 5. Paragraph 6. How does the water in the ocean move? √ √ Paragraph 7. Main idea: ________________________________ Water, which seems so simple and common, is what makes life possible. Of all the resources on earth -- oil, gas, gold and so on -- nothing is as precious as a drop of rain. (paraphrase) ______________________________________________________________________________ significance of water to nature Dense water sinks and less dense water is pushed to the surface.

POST-READING Activity 4. Activity 4. Comprehension B Complete the chart below. P21 PropertyWhat is it?What is it good for? Chemical structure Density Heat capacity

1 The water molecule is made up of two h___________ atoms and one o________ atom. 2 Water is a liquid at room temperature, but it turns into a s________ when the temperature drops below 0 ℃ and into a gas when heated above 100 ℃. 3 The soil can a__________ water, so it helps to keep water from flowing away. 4 Marine scientists study the r_____________ between living creatures and their habitat in the ocean. 5 Life in the oceans appears in different sizes, r__________ from the tiniest fish all the way up to the biggest blue whales. 6 Oil has a density lower than 1,000 kg/m3, so it will f_____on water. Activity 5. Language Study Word study P21 2 Fill in the blanks with the proper words. The first letter has been given. solid absorb hydrogen oxygen float relationship ranges

Activity 6 Activity 6 Summary Features of Science Exposition ： A. Sentence Structure: B. Vocabulary: C. Tense: D. Text Structure:

INTEGRATING SKILLS READING:READING: NATURE'S NURSERY: ESTUARIES

Activity 1. Activity 1. Finding Topic Sentences Topic Sentence of Paragraph: _____ Sentence: As the oceans are the source of life on earth, the estuaries are our planet's nurseries. Topic Sentence of Paragraph : _____ Sentence: Estuaries are great places for nature's young ones. Topic Sentence of Paragraph: _____ Sentence: Estuaries are also important because they absorb nutrients and pollutants from water coming from inland sources, thus cleaning our water. Topic Sentence of Paragraph: _____ Sentence: Estuaries provide both recreation and education for human beings

Activity 2 Activity 2 Structure of the passage √

Activity 3 Activity 3 Answering the questions 1 Why are estuaries such good places for nature's young ones? 2 What does density mean in this passage? 3 How do estuaries affect the water that passes through them? them? 4 Why are estuaries more sensitive to pollution than other areas? areas? 5 Why are estuaries important to human beings?

Activity 4 Word Study a.the body of water where a river meets the ocean b. warm-blooded vertebrate animals c.to generate (offspring) by sexual or asexual means. d.something that pollutes, especially a waste material e. the process of eroding or the condition of being eroded f. refreshment of one's mind or body after work through activity that amuses or stimulates pollutant estuary recreation mammal reproduce erosion