Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions.

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Enzymes: “Helper” Protein molecules

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Presentation transcript:

Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions. 1. Building (DNA Polymerase) 2. Tearing apart (enzymes in stomach) http://www.hillstrath.on.ca/moffatt/bio3a/digestive/enzanim.htm http://student.ccbcmd.edu/~gkaiser/biotutorials/proteins/enzsub.html http://www.tvdsb.on.ca/westmin/science/sbi3a1/digest/enzymes.htm http://www.lewport.wnyric.org/jwanamaker/animations/Enzyme%20activity.html Most have an –ase ending. Amylase – digests carbohydrates Lipase – digests lipids

Enzymes convert substrate (starting material) to products. - Lock and Key model Substrate and active site must fit together.

Enzymes characteristics: Require a specific substrate. Require a specific temperature. Require specific environment. 4. NOT used up in the reaction.

Specific environment can be: 1. Acidic (ex. Stomach) 2. Basic (ex. Small Intestines) Therefore, stomach acid and bile are very helpful in providing the correct chemical environment for enzymes to work.

Acid: 1. Gastric acid in stomach. 2. Contains HCl. Bile: 1. Secreted by the liver, stored in gall bladder. 2. “Emulsifies fats” Dissolves fats NOT DIGEST.

of fats in the digestive system. Lipase is an enzyme that digests fat. Bile is a solution that emulsifies fats. Together, they speed up the breakdown of fats in the digestive system. Tootsie Roll Pop Commercial How does bile help?