How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM? Mr. M. Gonzalez How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Do Now: Portfolios ► Work on your research portfolios. ► Get your AEMs. How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Closer Look at Portfolio Grading

Review: Portfolio Sections 1. Course Forms – (Syllabi, lab map, etc.) 2. Time Management – (Chronograms) 3. STEPS – (Project STEPS and SUNY Check Points) 4. Data – (Data you collect for projects on data tables) 5. Research Project – (Report Guide + Research Paper drafts, lab reports) 6. PCR – (Project Conference Reports) 7. PRJAs – (Peer Reviewed Journal Articles) 8. Protocols or Procedures – (Procedures and Materials) 9. Worksheets – (Lab/field or research worksheets) 10. Career – (Personal Statements, Cover Letter, CV) 11. Letters – (Recommendation and Commendation) 12. Certificates 13. Other??? How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Objectives ► I can review what the buffering capacity (BC) of a solution is. ► I can adjust the BC of my AEM. ► I can monitor the BC of my AEM. How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

► As you learned before, pH is important because it can change the speed of chemical reactions. ► If an ecosystem does not have the right pH, what will happen? Review: pH How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

What is Buffering Capacity? How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Review: Buffering Capacity ► The Buffering Capacity of a solution is the ability that solution has to resist changes in it’s pH. ► In other words, if you add a base or acid to the solution the pH will change more slowly or not at all until a certain limit is hit. How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Buffering Capacity and pH ► Is buffering capacity good or bad for an ecosystem? ► Why? How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

pH Facts ItempH Human Blood 7.41 Ocean Water 8.2 Acid Rain < 5.6 Milk ~ 6.4 Beer4-5 Vinegar ~ 3 Human Stomach Nitrification7 Hydroponics 5.8 – 6.2 Ultra-filtered/Distilled water ~ 4.5

Comparing Buffering Capacity ► Where did you find a better buffering capacity Filtered water, HRE, or AEM? How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Comparing Buffering Capacity ► Where did you find a better buffering capacity Filtered water, HRE, or AEM? Filtered waterHREAEM PoorGoodCurrently insufficient ► Why do you think HRE had a better Buffering Capacity? How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

What Exactly is Buffering Capacity? ► Calcium Carbonate (CaCO 3 ) elevates the buffering capacity of an ecosystem. napoca-romania+1152_ tpfil02aw jpg How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

What Exactly is Buffering Capacity? ► CaCO 3 can be found on mountains as limestone. napoca-romania+1152_ tpfil02aw jpg How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Where does CaCO 3 come from? ► CaCO 3 comes from ancient corals and other reef building organisms (i.e. oysters) that lived in the bottom of the sea a long time ago. How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

What Exactly Affects Buffering Capacity? ► After hundreds of millions of years, a lot of CaCO 3 has accumulated on the ocean bottom. How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Sea Bottom Becomes a Mountain ► Some sea bottoms were pushed up due to plate tectonics to form mountains (Orogenesis). le/view/tuhua_orogeny.png/ /tuhua_orogeny.png How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

What Exactly Affects Buffering Capacity? ► Because of erosion CaCO 3 drains down from those mountains that have limestone. How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Where will you get lime stone from? ► Coral rock has CaCO 3 ► Baking soda has Sodium Bicarbonate: NaHCO 3 How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Where will you get lime stone from? ► NaHCO 3 will also elevate the: Buffering Capacity. How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Activity ► You will write down the following procedures on to flow charts for tomorrow’s lab. How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Title: Adjusting Buffering Capacity ► First, check the pH of your AEM with the Hanna Combo sensor. ► Check the Buffering Capacity with the test strips. ► Add ¼ tsp of baking soda to your AEM + a piece of coral rock ► Mix with skewer, and ► Check pH How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Title: Adjusting Buffering Capacity ► If your pH is below 7, add more baking soda until it is 7 ► If your pH is below 7, add an acid solution until it comes down to 7. ► Once you’ve finished adjusting the pH check Buffering Capacity again with test strips and this time put your data into your data tables! ► Clean up How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

Clean Up ► Recap the probe FIRMLY by lining up the lettering on the cap and the face of the meter. ► Wait for clean-up instructions. ► Clean up your area, dump your rinse water out, dispose of gloves, and return materials. ► Begin work on your bar graph and analysis questions. How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?

HW ► Work on organizing your research portfolios. How do I Monitor and Adjust the Buffering Capacity of an AEM?