VoFi standards & deployment models Thenu Kittappa

August 8-10, 2006 Santa Clara, California Hyatt Regency Santa Clara Agenda Trends in VoWLAN VoWLAN standards What makes a good VoWLAN handset? Different deployment models for Voice over Wi-Fi, single-mode & FMC

August 8-10, 2006 Santa Clara, California Hyatt Regency Santa Clara VoWLAN trends Q3 05Q4 05Q1 06Q2 06Q3 06Q4 06 FMCA PRD I (UMA) FMCA PRD II (SIP) FMCA PRD III (IMS) FMC Gateways FMC Operators Small SIP PBX Large SIP PBX SIP handsets WMM handsets WMM infra e in CE SVP QoS VoIP FMC WMM- SA? Any SIP VoWLAN handset with any SIP PBX Fixed-Mobile Systems with handover Fixed-Mobile Systems Single-number with no handover Later FMCA MobileIGNITE UMA VCC WFA SIP (IETF)

August 8-10, 2006 Santa Clara, California Hyatt Regency Santa Clara Enterprise VoWLAN interfaces SIP PBX Or softswitch Voice Telephony Gateway WLAN to Handset interface Fast handover Good QoS Call Admissions Control Good battery life Public access & emergency WLAN to PBX interface Emergency call handling Location SLA indications Troubleshooting tools WLAN QoS Seamless coverage Interference detection Management tools Troubleshooting tools Handset to PBX interface SIP SIP++ Presence Emergency calls

August 8-10, 2006 Santa Clara, California Hyatt Regency Santa Clara Current standards Standards activity relevant to voice –.11i (MAC Security Enhancements) / WPA All phones will become better at authentication, encryption, by implementing WPA, WPA2… –.11e (MAC Enhancements, QoS) / WMM Phases: WMM, APSD, TSpec sig, WMM-SA improve QoS, battery life –.11k (Radio Resource Measurement) Assistance for handoff: opportunistic key caching with knowledge of key scope –.11r (Fast Roaming) Aimed at improving secure handoff speeds. Not necessary when.11k neighbor report is used in conjunction with centralized encryption

August 8-10, 2006 Santa Clara, California Hyatt Regency Santa Clara Scale of excellence r How complete is standards support? WMM-SA k WMM functionality k WMM-SA Other functionality Centralized architecture & vendor-specific features QoS Jitter Latency Packet errors/ drops (Over wired and wireless) CAC Handover Control/influence decision Speed of handover Security of handover Sleep Control: battery life U-APSD S-APSD Other features CALEA E911 Coverage h

August 8-10, 2006 Santa Clara, California Hyatt Regency Santa Clara What makes a good WLAN phone? FunctionGoodBetterBestNotes Call Admissions Control & QoS e QBSS load element Tspec signalling Uplink QoS WMM (EDCA) Authentication MAC address802.1x802.1x & PMK caching Encryption Static WEPPSK-TKIP, PSK-AESTKIP, AESAim for WPA2 Handover k AP channel report element e QBSS load element AP channel report & QBSS load & k neighbor report & PMK caching Depends also on algorithms in handset Transmit power control h TPC Bandwidth efficiency b802.11a/g.11b reduces the cell throughput Battery life power saveU-APSDU-APSD & h TPC & proprietary Future developments on loosely-associated state

August 8-10, 2006 Santa Clara, California Hyatt Regency Santa Clara Deployment of Voice in the Mobile Network VoIP allows a phone to receive corporate dialtone over the Internet Incoming, outgoing numbers as PBX extension Wireless VoIP is more secure than wired VoIP Wireless requires less reprogramming than wired VoIP (no reconfiguration of AP or handset) Corporate IP PBX LAN Internet Home officeMain location WAN Hotel roomBranch office

August 8-10, 2006 Santa Clara, California Hyatt Regency Santa Clara Enterprise VoWLAN Deployment Models SIP PBX Or softswitch Voice Telephony Gateway Internet PBX Extension Mode: Wireless phone is configured as an extension on the PBX Pros Easy to configure on the WLAN and the IP-PBX SIP support on single-mode VoFi phones and IP-PBX allows best-of-breed mix & match Phone automatically participates in Enterprise numbering plan (4-, 5-digit) and least-cost routing for long-distance calling Cons Existing PBX may need upgrading to support SIP extensions All configuration falls on the Enteprise IT group (or outsourcer) Single-mode phones will work on Enterprise Wi-Fi network & home locations, but not outside this coverage Configuration complexity when users roam between sites (unless already covered by a unified PBX network) LAN core LAN edge

August 8-10, 2006 Santa Clara, California Hyatt Regency Santa Clara Enterprise VoWLAN Deployment Models SIP PBX Or softswitch Hosted Mode: All call control is from the Internet Pros No end-user configuration Works with VoIP wired and single-mode wireless phones Easy to upgrade to a fixed-mobile service (upgrade by the SP) Easily integrated by the SP with long-distance & international VoIP plans Cons Survivability (loss of WAN = loss of service) QoS (may require a guaranteed-QoS Internet/VPN service) Single-mode phones will work on Enterprise Wi-Fi network & home locations, but not outside this coverage LAN edge LAN core Internet

August 8-10, 2006 Santa Clara, California Hyatt Regency Santa Clara Enterprise FMC Deployment Models SIP PBX Or softswitch LAN edge LAN core Internet Cellular Core FMC Gateway Cellular Base Station Hosted Mode: VoFi side of the phone is homed to the hosted FMC Gateway –Cellular operator (SP) ‘owns’ the phone number and behaviour –User experience is closer to cellphone whether in or out of Wi-Fi coverage Pros No configuration by the IT group (except for access, see below) Standards support for this model will ensure good pricing and availability of phones (eventually) Easy inter-site roaming Easily extended to commercial hotspots by SP roaming agreemeents Cons Configuration of SSIDs, NAT, firewall may be a problem Access by the SP for troubleshooting may require special firewall, demarc considerations All calls are seen and possibly charged by the SP

August 8-10, 2006 Santa Clara, California Hyatt Regency Santa Clara Enterprise FMC Deployment Models PBX Extension Mode: VoFi side of the phone is homed to the PBX –PBX forwards calls to the cellular number when phone is out of Wi-Fi coverage –Sometimes works with cellular data channel for presence & signalling when in cellular coverage –User experience is closer to PBX extension whether inside or outside Wi-Fi coverage Pros Can be configured by the IT group Major PBX vendors are adding this functionality Integrates with PBX numbering plan & features Cons Configuration burden falls on the IT group All calls are anchored on the PBX No standards, so phones will need custom code updates Inter-site roaming needs to be carefully configured LAN edge LAN core Internet Cellular Core Cellular Base Station SIP PBX Or softswitch Voice Telephony Gateway

August 8-10, 2006 Santa Clara, California Hyatt Regency Santa Clara Thank you