Middle East and North Africa: An Introduction Algeria.

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Presentation transcript:

Middle East and North Africa: An Introduction Algeria

Oasis, Sinai Peninsula

Bedouin People, Lebanon

Qatar

Rub al Khali Desert, Yemen

Yemen

Physiographic Regions There are diverse features interspersed across the Middle East and North Africa: Mountain Ranges Coastal Lowlands Highland Plateaus Floodplains Deserts Two Crucial River Systems: Tigris-Euphrates in Fertile Crescent Nile (White Nile/Blue Nile) in North Africa

Middle East and North Africa Elevations

Generalized Tectonics of the Middle East

Climate Variable Orographic Rainfall Largely Arid- consider it’s location around 20N

Climate in Middle East and North Africa

Environmental Problems: Deforestation Species extinction Death of oases from overuse Oil pollution Industrial pollution Habitat destruction Salinization of soils due to irrigation Desertification

Rich Cultural Heritage Empires Domestication of plants and animals Extended Family Trade Routes

Ancient Sites of Fertile Crescent

Religion Three major world religions began here: Judaism, Christianity, Islam.

The Islamic World

Family Importance of kinship and tribe.

Contemporary Issues Most contemporary problems stem from two things: 1. Boundaries and borders created by colonial powers 2. Strategic importance of region to political and economic interests of core countries

Oil: Blessing and Curse The study of petroleum provides an example of how places become interconnected politically and environmentally through the movements of commodities. Oil fires in Iraq, 2003

Consider how Middle Eastern and North African countries compare in Gross Domestic Product to other countries.

Why aren’t Middle Eastern and North African countries part of the core?

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) OPEC Member Countries Algeria Iran Iraq Venezuela Indonesia Qatar Saudi Arabia Kuwait Libya Nigeria United Arab Emirates

Please understand Goode’s map pp for your exam. Major Petroleum Flows

Everyday Life for Young People in Middle East and North Africa Film: Young Voices from the Arab World Film Questions: Why have families moved? What urbanization problems are mentioned in film? How do people make a living? What is the role of extended family in these stories? How has war impacted the young people in the film?