History, Beliefs, and Impact. Splinter group of Judaism.

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Presentation transcript:

History, Beliefs, and Impact

Splinter group of Judaism

Belief that Messiah will come to deliver the chosen people, and punish the wicked Called “Apocalyptic Doctrine”

Roots in polytheism Mystery cults

Isis & Mithras Afterlife Personal union with god

Roman empire Divisions among the Jews: Sadducees & Pharisees - cooperate Zealots - violent overthrow Local ruler = Herod the Great 10 years of social unrest Provincial government

Lived from about 4BCE to 30 CE Galilee = Zealot center Accounts by his followers Parables & stories

Baptized by John the Baptist John the Baptist executed Many see Jesus as Messiah Message Goes to Jerusalem…

Universal appeal attracts followers – and attention Miracles BOTTOM LINE: viewed as a threat

Last supper Betrayal Resurrection

Pontius Pilate Crucifixion of Jesus in 30 CE

Originally opposed Jesus as Messiah Vision on the road to Damascus Christos = anointed one Paul converts non-Jews Changes some customs – circumcision, dietary restrictions

Revolt in 66 in Palestine Jews once again scattered Christianity really takes root

Teachings of Jesus and the records of his followers (DISCIPLES) are found in the New Testament Example: Paul’s letters, the Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John)

Against the state? Christians will not worship Emperor as a god Accused of treason Nero: Fires in Rome Martyrs St. Augustine’s Confessions

Some emperors attack Christians, while others tolerate them Diocletian = last major persecution Constantine 313 CE Edict of Milan grants religious toleration Converts to Christianity on death bed

Clergy vs.. Laity Christians want to survive as a religious group Bishops emerge to firm up doctrine and practices Get jobs based on the principle of apostolic succession, which means that the apostles of Jesus picked the first bishops and thus passed authority to them

Pope Patriarchs Bishops

Pope Patriarchs Major archbishops Cardinals Primates Metropolitan s Archbishops Diocesian bishops Other bishops

Promise of salvation because of Jesus’ death Gives meaning to present life Similar to mystery religions Jesus is human and easy to relate to No initiation rights that are complicated - just baptism Personal relationship with God Communities develop Belong regardless of social class Promise of a better place

What makes Christianity so different from other world religions? Why were people so eager for this change?

Based on the stories we’ve read so far, what are some important aspects of Christian cultural identity?