The Circulatory System

Transport System Just like Nervous System is your body’s “Control Center,” Your Circulatory System has an important job. It is your body’s “Transport System!” It’s like a bus driving along a highway system all over the country. It takes things where they need to go!

What’s it’s Job??? It delivers essential materials to body cells and removes the waste materials from the cell. Another name for this body system is the Cardiovascular System.

How Does it Work?? Blood takes substances to different parts of your body. Along the way, it stops at different transfer stations (organs), picks up the needed nutrients, and takes them to the cells.

Parts of the Circulatory System 3 parts: –Heart –Blood Vessels –Blood

Let’s Start with the Heart! It’s a pump It moves blood through 2 major pathways: –Pulmonary Circulation- flow of blood from the heart to the lungs, and then back to the heart. –Systemic Circulation- moves blood to all the body tissues except the lungs

Parts of the Heart… Your heart is divided into 4 Chambers: The 2 upper chambers = Atriums The 2 lower champers = Ventricles Your heart also has Valves –Valves open and close in the same direction to control the flow of blood in the heart.

Pulmonary Circulation – Pulmonary Arteries : -carry blood with carbon dioxide from your heart to your lungs. (BLUE) – Pulmonary Veins :-carry blood filled with oxygen from your lungs to your heart (RED) *80,000 miles of blood vessels are in your body!*

What Makes up your Blood??? Liquid SolidYour blood has both Liquid and Solid Parts -Liquid Part : -Liquid Part : Plasma -transports blood solids, nutrients, hormones, and other materials. Solid Parts: - Solid Parts: 1. Red Blood Cells- take oxygen to the cells and carbon dioxide away from the cells. 2.White Blood Cells- help fight diseases and germs by attacking them when they enter the body 3. Platelets- help blood clot, which seals cuts and prevents blood loss.

You can actually die if you lose too much blood! If your blood isn’t healthy, you can have a Blood Transfusion- you get hooked up to a machine and it switches your bad blood with someone else’s healthy blood (who donated it to the blood bank). Blood Transfusions:

Blood Types There are 4 MAIN blood types: (A, B, AB, and 0) If you have to have a blood transfusion, it has to be with someone who has your same blood type! If not, it is dangerous! You could have side effects like having a very high fever, difficulty breathing, and it could result in death.

Blood donations are taken to a Blood Bank They make sure the blood is safe and clean –Only people in good health can donate blood –A new needle is used every time someone else gives blood. –All blood that is given is tested for diseases, and it is thrown out if it is infected. Major organization that deals with blood donations!

Blood Vessels -There are 3 types of blood vessels: Arteries- they carry blood away from the heart Veins- they carry blood from the body back to the heart Capillaries- tiny tubes that carry blood from the arteries to the body’s cells, and then from the cells to the veins (which takes it back to the heart).

Blood Pressure Blood Pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood. If this pressure rises and stays high over time, it can damage the body in many ways. Systolic blood pressure is the pressure when the heart beats while pumping blood. Diastolic blood pressure is the pressure when the heart is at rest between beats. (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Blood Pressure Numbers Category Systolic (top number) Diastolic (bottom number) NormalLess than 120AndLess than 80 Pre-hypertension120–139Or80–89 High blood pressure Stage 1140–159Or90–99 Stage 2160 or higherOr100 or higher (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) Description: Blood pressure higher than normal for a long time, can lead to heart attack, stroke, and kidney failure Treatment: Reduce stress/ change diet to reduce intake of sodium, fats, and cholesterol/ medication/ getting regular check ups

Description: Cluster of blood cells blocks a blood vessel in the brain Stroke Treatment: Reduce stress/ change diet to reduce intake of sodium, fats, and cholesterol/ medication/ getting regular check ups

Heart Attack Description: Something stops blood flow in the heart (cholesterol, etc. blocks a blood vessel in the heart) Treatment: Reduce stress/ change diet to reduce intake of sodium, fats, and cholesterol/ medication/ getting regular check ups

Arteriosclerosis Description: The artery walls harden- it is caused by a diet high in fat and cholesterol Treatment: Reduce stress/ change diet to reduce intake of sodium, fats, and cholesterol/ medication/ getting regular check ups

Anemia Description: Lack of red blood cells or cells that do not carry enough oxygen- causes weakness and low energy Treatment: Iron supplements, rest

Sickle-Cell Anemia Description: When your blood is unable to circulate properly Treatment: Blood transfusions and medication Normal Red Blood Cells Sickle Red Blood Cells

Mononucleosis Aka “Mono” Description: Viral infection- symptoms are sore throat, swollen glands, and fatigue Treatment: Bed rest and a well balanced diet

Leukemia (A form of cancer) Description: Abnormal white blood cells Treatment: Medication, radiation

Hemophilia Description: When your blood does not clot properly Treatment: Transfusions of the parts that deal with blood clotting.