Ymwybyddiaeth Ofalgar er Lles Rhieni Plant ag Anableddau Deallusol a Datblygiadol Mindfulness-Based Support for Parents of Children with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Dr Leah Jones Yr Athro / Professor Richard Hastings Dr Vaso Tostika

Ymwybyddiaeth ofalgar er lles rhieni plant ag anableddau deallusol a datblygiadol Mindfulness-Based Support for Parents of Children with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Pam fo angen cefnogi’r rhieni yma? Why do these parents need supporting? Pam ymwybyddiaeth ofalgar? Why mindfulness? Datblygu cwrs ar gyfer rhieni Developing a course for parents Cynnal y cwrs yng Ngogledd Cymru Hosting a course in North Wales Gwerthuso’r cwrs Evaluating the course

Pam fo angen cefnogi’r rhieni yma? Why do these parents need supporting? Rhieni plant ag anableddau- yn enwedig awtistiaeth- yn adrodd lefelau uchel o ofid, yn cynnwys straen, gorbryder ac iselder Parents of children with disabilities- autism in particular- report elevated levels of distress, including stress, anxiety and depression Gofid yn gysylltiedig ag ymddygiad plant, yn ogystal â ffactorau eraill, e.e. statws economaidd, rhwydwaith cefnogol, brwydro am wasanaethau Distress associated with child behaviours, as well as other factors, e.g. economic status, support network, battling for services Nid pob rhiant sydd yn dioddef; mae’n bwysig darganfod sut fod rhai yn addasu/ymdopi yn fwy effeithiol nag eraill Not all parents experience negative outcomes; it’s important to understand how some paretns adjust more effectively than others Tystiolaeth fod prosesau gwybyddol sy’n gysylltiedig ag ymwybyddiaeth yn chwarae rhan mewn lles y rhieni sydd yn addasu yn well (Jones et al, 2013) Evidence to suggest psychological processes associated with mindfulness are involved in better adjusted parents

Beth yw ymwybyddiaeth ofalgar? What is mindfulness? Talu sylw yn fwriadol at brofiadau corfforol (meddyliau, ymdeimladau corfforol, emosiynau, ymddygiad) fel y maent yn digwydd yn y foment Deliberately attending to our bodily experiences (thoughts, sensations, emotions and behaviours) whilst they unfold in the present moment Yn chwilfrydig a gydag ‘meddwl dechreuwr’ With curiosity and a ‘beginners mind’ Heb farnu Without judgment Heb geisio newid y profiad Accepting without trying to change the experience Heb ymateb yn awtomatig Without reacting automatically

Sut i feithrin ymwybyddiaeth ofalgar? How to cultivate mindfulness? Caiff ei ddatblygu drwy ymarferion myfyrdod It is developed through meditating

Wrth feithrin yr ymwybyddiaeth yma gallem: By fostering a mindful approach we are able to: Gweld ein profiadau yn glir, a dewis sut i ymateb, yn lle ymateb yn awtomatig See our experiences more clearly and choose how to respond rather than react automatically Troi tuag at anawsterau a sialensiau Turn towards difficulties and challenges Adnabod patrymau ymdeimladau corfforol, emosiynau, meddyliau, ac ymddygiad Recognize sensations, emotions, thoughts and behaviours Cydnabod, caniatau a derbyn ein profiadau Recognize, allow and accept experiences Camu’n ôl Take a step back Sylwi ar a gwerthfawrogi profiadau dymunol Notice and appreciate positive experiences

Datblygu cwrs ar gyfer rieni Developing a course for parents Mae yna gyrsiau ymwybyddiaeth wedi eu sefydlu: There are established mindfulness courses: Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) Gwnaethom ni (gyda Ganolfan Ymwybyddiaeth Ofalgar Ymchwil ac Ymarfer, Prifysgol Bangor) ddatblygu cwrs newydd ar gyfer rieni: We developed a new course for parents in collaboration with the Centre for Mindfulness Research and Practice: Mindfulness-Based Well-Being course for Parents (MBW-P) Wedi ei sefydlu ar MBSR, ond ymarferion byrrach, a deunydd mwy penodol ar gyfer rieni, a mwy o bwyslais ar hunan-drugaredd Based on MBSR, with shorter practices, materials more specific to paretns, and with greater emphasis on self-compassion

Cynnwys Cwrs Ymwybyddiaeth Ofalgar er Lles Rhieni Mindfuless-Based Wellbeing Course-Parent Course Content WsosPwnc / TopicGweithgareddau / Activities 1 Peilot Awtomatig Automatic Pilot Cyflwyniadau; Rheloau (e.e. cyfrinachedd, gwaith cartref); Myfyrdod Rhesin; Anadlu a’r Corff / Introductions; Rules (confidentiality, home practice); Rasin Meditation; Breathing practice 2 Hadau Caredigwydd Seeds of Kindness Anadlu a’r Corff; Trafod gwaith cartref; Sgan Corff; Planu Hadau Caredigrwydd; Cysylltu ymdeimladau, meddylaiu ac emosiynau / Breath and Body Meditation; Discuss home practice; Body Scan; Seeds of Kindness; Linking sensations, thoughts and emotions 3 Dysgu am straen Learning about stress Anadlu a’r Corff; Trafod gwaith cartref; Dysgu am beth sy’n digwydd iddym pan o dan straen; Symud Ymwybodol; Sgan Corff / Breath and Body; Discuss home practice; What happends when we’re stresed; Mi9ndful Movement; Body Scan 4 Gweithio gyda straen Working with stress Symud Ymwybodol, Trafod gwaith cartref; Anadlu 3 Cam; Anadlu a’r Corff / Mindful Movement; Home practice discussion; Three-step breathing space 5 Ymateb i broblemau Responding to difficulties Anadlu a’r corff; Trafod gwaith cartref; Archwilio anhawster; Ymateb yn Ymwybodol; Symud Ymwybodol / Breath and Body; Disuss home practice; Respomding Mindfully; Mindful Movement 6 Cyfathrebu Communicating Myfyrdod Eistedd; Trafod gwaith cartref; Symud Ymwybodol; Gwrando yn Ymwybodol; Trafod patrymau cyfathrebu / Sitting Meditation; Discuss home practice; Mindful Movement; Mindful Listening; Patters of communicating disussion 7 Byw ein bywydau Living our lives Myfyrdod Eistedd; Trafod gwaith cartref; Symud Ymwybodol;Trafod gwerthoedd / Sitting Meditation; Discuss home practice; Mindful Movement; Values discussion 8 Gweddill ein bywydau The rest of our lives Myfyrdod Eistedd; Trafod gwaith cartref; Trafod sut i barhau gyda’r ymarferion wan fod y cwrs yn terfynu / Sitting Meditation; Discuss home pracice; Disussion- how to continue with practices now the course is ending Gweithgareddau ymarfer cartref bob wythnos yn seiliedig ar gynnwys dosbarth yr wythnos hwnnw / Weekly home practices basaed of content of that week’s session

Cynnal y cwrs yng Ngogledd Cymru Hosting the course in North Wales 3 cwrs mewn 3 ysgol Anghenion Arbennig 3 courses in 3 Special Educational Schools Dros 300 gwahoddiad- 10% yn ymateb Over 300 paretns invited- 10% responded O’r rhain wnaeth 21 rhiant yn gwblhau cwrs (18 mam, a 3 tad; 1 cwpl) Of which 21 paretns completed a couse (18 mothers, 3 fathers, 1 couple) 17 rhiant yn cyd-fyw gyda phartner, 4 yn sengl 17 parents were cohabiting with a partner, 4 paretns were single mlwydd oed ar gyfartaledd On average years of age 16 rhiant yn gweithio, 5 yn ddi-waith 16 parents were employed, 5 unemployed Canolrif incwm teulu £25,000- £35,000 Modal household income £25,000-£25,000

Cynnal y cwrs yng Ngogledd Cymru Hosting the course in North Wales Plant y rhieni yn mlwydd oed, ar gyfartaledd Parents’ children were on average years of age Wedi derbyn diagnosis 5.11 blynedd yn gynharach Children received their diagnosis on average 5.11 years previously 16 diagnosis o Anhwylder Sbectrwm Awtistiaeth 16 children had a disganosis of an Autism Spectrum Disorder 1 x syndrom Down / Down syndrome; 2 x Parlys yr Ymennydd / Cerebral Palsy; 2 x anabledd deallusol cyffredinol / general learning disability 13 x bachgen / boys; 8 x merch/girls 15 o’r pant mewn ysgol angenion arbennig / 15 children attending a special educational school I gyd yn byw gartra hefo rhieni / all children living at home with parents

Gwerthuso’r Cwrs Evaluating the Course Rhieni yn cwblhau pecyn o holiaduron cyn ac wedi’r cwrs Parents complete a questionnaire pack before and after the course Cyfranwyr yn sylweddol: Participants were significantly: Mwy ymwybodol / more mindful (p =.008; d = 0.49) Mwy hunandosturiol / more self-compassioante ( p =.039; d = 0.39) Llai dan straen / less stressed (p =.031; d = 0.49) Er ddim yn sylweddol, roedd hefyd newidiadau mewn lefelau: gorbryder, iselder a phrofiadau cadarnhaol Although not to significant levels, there were positive changes to levels of anxiety, depression and positive gains

Boddhad gyda wahanol agweddau’r cwrs Satisfaction with different aspects of the course Bodlon Satisified Ddim yn siwr Not sure Anfodlon Dissatisfied Lleoliad Location 1920 Gofynion amser Demand on time 1911 Cefnogaeth yn y sesiynau Support during sessions 2001 Cefnogaeth rhwng sesiynau Support between sessions 1821 Cytuno Agree Ddim yn siwr Not sure Anghytuno Disagree Wedi elwa o fynychu Benefitted from attending 2010 Am barhau i ymarfer Will contine with practices 1650 Argymell i eraill Would recommend to others 2010

Casgliadau / Conclusions Mae’n anodd dod i gasgliad penodol wedi astudiaeth ‘peilot’ It’s difficult to come to definitive conclusions following a pilot study Mae’r canlyniadau yn awgrymu bod hyfforddiant ymwybyddiaeth ofalgar yn fuddiol i rieni, ac yn annog ymchwiliad pellach The results do suggest that mindfulness-based support is beneficial to parents and therefore warrants further investigation

Adnoddau / Resources (CMRP Bangor) Health Foundation) (Mental Health Foundation) (Finding Peace in a Frantic World)

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