Abdomen Latin for “belly”

Abdomen Anatomy Injuries Evaluation

Anatomy of the abdomen Muscles Internal organs

Muscles of the abdomen Rectus abdominus-attaches the hip to the ribs and sternum. Obliques-attaches the hip to the lateral aspect of the ribs.

Quadrants of the abdomen Upper right and left Lower right and left Directions are in relation to the victim.

Upper right Kidney Liver Gallbladder

Upper left Stomach Kidney Pancreas Spleen

Lower right Appendix

Lower left Large intestine Small intestine

Ailments to the abdomen Appendicitis Hernia Spleen Kidney Strains

Appendicitis The appendix is located at the end of the large intestine, and has no real known function. The inflammation of the appendix occurs from either an infection or a blockage. Pain tends to be located in the right lower quadrant, and localizes directly above the position of the appendix at a point called "McBurney's point."

Appendicitis Signs and symptoms Pain Nauseau Vomitting Constipation

Hernia Occurs when an abdominal organ or fatty tissue protrudes through a weakened area of the abdominal wall which results in a protrusion. Signs and Symptoms: Pain with movement Protrusion through abdominal wall

Spleen The spleen is located just below the ribs on the left hand side. The spleen filters out infection and other unwanted particles from the blood.

Spleen What are the symptoms of spleen injuries? pain in the left side of the abdomen pain in left shoulder Kehr’s sign lightheaded feeling paleness weak pulse

Kidneys Part of the urinary system, the kidneys filter wastes (especially urea) from the blood and excrete them, along with water, as urine.

Kidneys Injuries to kidneys will usually result from a direct blow. Signs and symptoms: Pain in the back and sides Hematuria: blood in the urine

Strains Result from sharp twisting and turning, or overstretching.

Strains

Strains

Strains

Strains

History Time of onset (48 hrs) Location of pain

Observation Asymmetry Distension Scars Deformity

Palpation Tenderness Rigidity Deformity