Swiss Experiment Progress Report 2011 ETHZ/TIK Jan Beutel, Tonio Gsell, Roman Lim, Mustapha Yuecel, Christoph Walser, Matthias Keller, Bernhard Buchli, Josua Hunziker, Felix Sutton, Lothar Thiele, ETH Zurich

PermaSense Low-Power Sensor Network Technology

PermaSense – System Architecture Support for multiple sensor types Wireless sensor network Ultra low-power data gathering (Dozer) CoreStation Embedded Linux (Gumstix) 4 GB local storage, data duplication WLAN/GPRS connectivity, backup modem Solar powered Data backend Streaming interface with metadata (GSN) Standard internet services for monitoring

At the Core – Low-power Wireless Sensors Static, low-rate sensing (2 min) Temperature profiles, crack meters, resistivity 3 years operation < 0.1 Mbyte/node/day [Beutel, IPSN 2010]

CoreStation - Embedded Linux & WLAN Router Gumstix Verdex WLAN Router TinyNode GSM EMP Protectors IP68 Enclosure and Connectors [Buchli, IPSN 2011]

PermaSense Deployment Sites 3500 m a.s.l. A scientific instrument for precision sensing and data recovery in environmental extremes

PermaSense Tech Transfer: Soil Moisture Sensing on the Thur CCES/RECORD

Custom Built Quad Decagon 5TE Soil Moisture Probes

CoreStation Installation on Existing RECORD Tower Redundant connectivity (GPRS/WLAN) Webcam Local WLAN access for researchers (essid RECORD-THUR) Online GSN data management Operational since March 2010 ~10 Mio data points collected Joint work with RECORD (P. Schneider, M. Schirmer, EAWAG)

Collaborative Field Site Data Access Matter Valley WLAN Collaborative Field Site Data Access & Maintenance

Long-haul Communication – Directional WLAN Data access from weather radar on Klein Matterhorn Leased fiber/DSL from Zermatt Bergbahnen AG Commercial components (Mikrotik) Weatherproofing Collaboration with APUNCH (P. Burlando, ETHZ), COGEAR (S. Löw, ETHZ), BAFU and Ct. Valais Collaborative maintenance Monitoring infrastructure

Matter Valley WLAN Infrastructure 54 Mbit/sec 802.11a PPP tunnel to ETHZ Local (W)LAN access for researchers Sites serviced X-Band Radar (APUNCH) Matterhorn Hörnliridge (PermaSense, COGEAR) Hörnlihütte Randa Rockfall (COGEAR) Dirruhorn Rockglacier (nano-tera.ch X-Sense) Grabengufer Rockglacier (nano-tera.ch X-Sense)

Sensor Hosting Services & Support

Alpine L1/L2 GPS Reference Network Leica GPS1200+ receiver WLAN access Solar power Weatherproofing Field site installation support Trial campaign in Jul/Aug 2010 Rainfall detection Online since Matterhorn – Dec 2010 Randa Rockfall – May 2010 Collaboration with COGEAR/APUNCH (A. Geiger, S. Löw, P. Burlando, ETHZ)

GSN Data Integration Technische Informatik und Kommunikationsnetze Computer Engineering and Networks Technische Informatik und Kommunikationsnetze

Data Management – Online Semantic Data Global Sensor Network (GSN) Data streaming framework from EPFL Organized in “virtual sensors”, i.e. data types/semantics Hierarchies and concatenation of virtual sensors enable on-line processing Translates data from machine representation to SI values Adds metadata Import from field Web export GSN GSN Private Public Issue sin discussion since 2008 Metadata ============ Position Sensor type Validity period …

Multi-Site, Multi-Station, Multi-Revision Data…

Metadata Change Management Simple exchange of sensor hw/sw at runtime Metadata annotated in text files Wiki-based metadata possible -> integration effort

Issue – Data Quality and Integrity [Keller, SenSys 2009, IPSN 2011] Since 07/2008: ~150’000’000 data points Inconsistencies Between timestamps and sequence numbers Duplicates Data gaps Sporadic Systematic Revision / Extension June 2010 Service 2009 Installation & Service 2008 Sensornode 20 - 22 new installiation

Mitigating Data Loss – Backlog Architecture Backlog = Auxiliary data aggregation layer on the field site Data sink for surrounding sensor nodes Reliable (flow controlled) synchronization to GSN Extensible plugin functionality Schedulable plugin/script execution, remote controlled by GSN

GSN New Functionalities Metadata Mapping Architecture BackLog integration, GPS and Vaisala WXT520 data wrappers Image manipulation Binary storage on file system (or database) Remote scheduling facilities Frontend enhancements (network topology, log tab, plotting tools) GSN/MySQL performance statistics Lots of enhancements and bug fixes

PermaSense Field Site Visit – June 2010 – 20 People

Interested in more? http://www.permasense.ch ETH Zurich Computer Engineering and Networks Lab Geodesy and Geodynamics Lab Hydrology and Water Resources Management Geological Institute Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology University of Zurich Department of Geography EPFL Distributed Information Systems Laboratory University of Basel Department Computer Science Interested in more? http://www.permasense.ch