Proofreading Warm-up Can you tell us edgar what year the state of Virginia seceeded from the Union. jack london was a prolific writer of exciteing, adventure storys. Corrected Can you tell us, Edgar, what year the state of Virginia seceded from the Union? Jack London was a prolific writer of exciting adventure stories. [comma deleted]

Vocabulary Warm-up 11/13 ACER “sharp” ACERO, ACERBARE “to make sour” ACERBUS “bitter,” “sour” Acerbic – bitter or sour in taste; harsh or sharp in speech, manner, or temper Acrid – Bitterly pungent or harsh in taste or smell; sharply stinging Exacerbate – To increase the severity of something Acrimony – Bitter, sharp animosity, esp. in behavior or speech

ACUO “to sharpen” ACUS “needle” Acumen – keenness of insight and discernment; wise Acute- very discerning; severe or intense EMO, EMERE “To buy” Peremptory -urgently commanding; not allowing contradiction Preempt- To take precedence over someone already arranged or in place Redemption – deliverance from sin; reformation

KRATOS “strength,” “power” Technocracy – govt’ or social system that put technological theories into practice Plutocrat – a member of a governing wealthy class whose wealth grants political influence. PECUNIA “money,” “wealth” Pecuniary – relating to money Impecunious – Lacking money; penniless PORTO “To carry” Comportment – behavior; demeanor Purport – to claim; to profess (without giving proof)

Historical Time Period Realism RegionalismNaturalism

Characteristics of the Rise to Realism Realism Naturalism Regionalism Reject the Romantic Hero Use of ordinary people and realistic events Looked at people from cities and the lower class Did not over dramatize Used everyday language Discussed the ethical struggles and social issues of real life. –Focused on a specific geographical setting –Used speech patterns of those people in the area –Often unrealistic –Tried to analyze human behavior objectively (Like a scientist) –Thought people’s behavior was hereditary and caused by environment –Humans have no control of their destiny –Life is a loosing battle and the world does not care

Literary Terms to Know Author’s purpose Tone Conflict (Internal and External) Point of View (1 st, 3 rd limited, Omniscient) Irony (Situational, Dramatic, Verbal) Satire Character Motivation Historical Time Period (significance of) Connotations Repetition Foreshadowing Stereotype

“Story of an Hour” Questions to think about: 1. What is irony, and how is it displayed in this story? 2. Why does Kate Chopin continually refer to Mrs. Mallard in the formal sense, not the personal sense as with the other characters? 3. What does Chopin/Mallard mean by “Free, free, free” 4. What is the imagery created by the following phrases? a. How do the following examples show the irony created by Chopin in this story? b. How do the following examples lead the reader in one direction and prepare the reader for the blunt, maybe tragic ending?

Example #1 “She did not hear the story as many women have heard the same, with a paralyzed inability to accept its significance. She wept at once, with sudden, wild abandonment, in her sister’s arms. When the storm of grief had spent itself she went away to her room alone. She would have no one follow her.”

Example #2 “She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees that were all aquiver with the new spring life. The delicious breath of rain was in the air. In the street below a peddler was crying his wares. The notes of a distant song which someone was singing reached her faintly, and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves”

Example #3 “When she had abandoned herself, a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips. She said it over and over under her breath; ‘Free, Free, Free!’ The vacant stare and the look of terror that had followed it went from her eyes. They stayed keen and bright. Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body”

Example #4 “There would be no one to live for during those coming years; she would live for herself. There would be no powerful will bending hers in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow creature.”

Example #5 She arose at length and opened the doors to her sister’s importunities. There was a feverish triumph in her eyes, and she carried herself like a goddess of Victory.”

Analysis of a paragraph in a lit analysis Kate Chopin crafts her story so that a reader can’t tell for sure how Mrs. Mallard feels. The story is full of conflicts that show Mrs. Mallard’s mixed feelings for her husband. On the one hand, she is a sad widow who goes “away to her room alone” and sinks into a chair feeling exhausted. Conversely, as she sits there, she looks out the window and sees treetops “all aquiver with the new spring life” (320). The “sparrows twittering in the eaves” and the blue sky are both happy images. The busy, lively view seems out of place in this room where a new widow is supposed to be mourning (320). Mrs. Mallard must be happy to some degree, or she wouldn’t be noticing the happy images. The contrasts help build suspense for the reader, who asks, does she or doesn’t she love this man ?

Edwin Arlington Robinson Poetry - Used traditional style of poetry. - Developed poems that focused on the irony of human behavior Late twenties published his first book Noticed by President Roosevelt – Later arranged for him top be hired by the New York Custom House Won the Pulitzer Prize in poetry three times.

Richard Cory Whenever Richard Cory went down town, We people on the pavement looked at him: He was a gentleman from sole to crown, Clean-favoured and imperially slim. And he was always quietly arrayed, And he was always human when he talked; But still he fluttered pulses when he said, "Good Morning!" and he glittered when he walked. And he was rich, yes, richer than a king, And admirably schooled in every grace: In fine -- we thought that he was everything To make us wish that we were in his place. So on we worked and waited for the light, And went without the meat and cursed the bread, And Richard Cory, one calm summer night, Went home and put a bullet in his head.

Unit 4 Practice Assessment Practice pp

Food for Thought Compare and contrast Whitman’s attitudes about the Civil War? Did this change his perception of life or his attitudes about his writing? How did the Civil War affect writing styles and/or concepts? What are the characteristics of the naturalistic writings, realistic writings, and regionalist writers? (Suggestion: make a three column chart)