Ecology Basics Cell Miracles! Membranes To breathe…or Not to Breathe Cell History and Microscopes

These special types of “climbing devices” have been installed to help salmon migrate upstream. 100 Continue

200 The loss of a single species may cause a ripple effect felt across an entire ecosystem. This “kind” of species is called a _____________species because it has an unusually large effect on its ecosystem. Continue

300 This is any type of change that can make an organism better suited for its environment. Continue

400 Organisms that make their own food are autotrophs, but these are organisms that eat autotrophs (directly or indirectly) Continue

500 In population ecology, this describes the maximum number of individuals that a stable environment can support indefinitely. Continue

600 Some tiny prokaryotes (bacteria) have been found that make their own food without sunlight. _______________is the process by which an organism makes food using chemicals (rather than light) as an energy source. Continue

700 In a particular food chain, grass is eaten by rabbits that are eaten by owls. In this food chain, the grass is the producer and the rabbit is the _____________consumer Continue

_________: organisms that eat only plants. 2. ___________: organisms that eat only animals. 3. _____________: organisms that break down organic matter into simpler compounds Continue

900 The principle of ______________ _______________ states that when two species are competing for the same resources, one species will be better suited to the niche, and the other species will be pushed into another niche or become extinct. Continue

1000 These are 2 examples of A)abiotic factors in an ecosystem and 2 examples of B)biotic factors in an ecosystem. Continue

100 Continue We always begin examining microscope slides with this objective lens in place

200 This category of cells has a definite nucleus and organelles. Continue

300 A bacteria cell is _____________, since it has no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles Continue

400 “This” microscope part regulates the amount of light on a standard microscope. Continue

500 The ocular lens of a microscope has a magnification of 10X and the objective lens has a magnification of 40X. The total magnification is…. Continue

600 In the microscope lab, this is the most notable difference between the onion epidermis cells and the Elodea leaf cells Continue

700 This is the highest magnification a scope could have (with an eyepiece at 10X, a low power objective at 10X and a high power objective at 50X) Continue

800 The Cell Theory states that 1)All organisms are made of __________, 2)All existing cells are produced by other living ___________, and 3)The ____________is the most basic unit of life. Continue

900 This “type” of microscope with a light source shining from a)above, b)beneath or c)both gave us the chance to see our pond water sample in “3-D”. Continue

1000 Within a membrane, a cell is filled with a “jellylike substance” called a)______________ that contains dissolved molecular building blocks. In some cells, this “jelly- like” substance also contains b)____________, structures specialized to perform distinct jobs in the cell. Continue

100 This is a long whip-like tail used for cellular locomotion. Continue

200 This is a major difference between rough and smooth E.R. (endoplasmic reticulum) Continue

300 This is the organelle used in photosynthesis ; it helps to convert the sun’s energy into food. Continue

400 This is the cell organelle that helps to make the proteins that carry out endless jobs in our bodies Continue

500 The process of moving molecules out of a cell Continue

600 These are the cells recycling centers: they contain digestive enzymes to digest damaged or foreign material Continue

700 List three things that all cells have in common Continue

800 This organelle packages, processes and ships proteins and fats; it also functions in producing lysosomes Continue

900 Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain a small amount of this genetic material…it allows them to direct the production of some of their own proteins Continue

1000 V Words! A ____________is a fluid filled sac used for storage of material by the cell whereas a _____________ is a general name describing small membrane-bound sacs that transport materials from place to place. Continue

100 A membrane is said to be “this” if it allows only certain molecules to pass. Continue

200 This is the current cell membrane “model” describing a cell’s texture and appearance Continue

300 Movement of molecules across a cell membrane that does not require energy input from the cell. What is passive transport Continue

400 Continue This is the process by which water travels from areas of higher to lower concentration across a membrane

500 ___________transport drives molecules across a membrane from a region of low concentration to high concentration with the input of energy. Continue

600 A type of endocytosis in which the cell membrane “engulfs” large particles to bring them into a cell. Continue

700 If one of the high energy, unstable phosphate bonds “breaks” from adenosine triphosphate (ATP), energy is released, and “this” molecule is produced. Continue

800 When a cell (90% water and 10% salt) is placed into an environment that is 92% water and 8% salt, the cell will likely do “this”. Continue

900 When concentrations of substances on either side of a membrane are the same, the system is said to be in _________________. Continue

1000 Elephants are larger than mice, right? This is the reason why an elephant’s cells are not much larger than a mouse’s cells. Continue

100 This is the color of Bromothymol blue with a large amount of carbon dioxide is present. Continue

200 These are the products of cellular respiration. Continue

300 These are the requirements for photosynthesis. Continue

400 The primary photosynthetic pigment found in the chloroplast. (Its electrons are excited by the sun’s energy). Continue

500 Chlorophyll reflects these colors (or wavelengths of light) most of all. Continue

600 This pigment is a major contributor to a carrot’s orange color. Continue

700 According to our snail/elodea lab results, the following hypothesis would be (supported / not supported / refuted) Elodea takes in CO2 that the snail breathes out (in the light) Continue

800 The ___________ _____________ reactions use energy from the light-dependent reactions to make sugars. Continue

900 This is an example of an electron carrier in photosynthesis or respiration Continue

1000 These are two factors that affect photosynthesis Continue