CLASS 5

GRAND THEORIES OF PERSONALITY

grand theories put it all together only a few psychologists have tried the three most important of these are……..

Freud

Freud

Freud

PSYCHO-DYNAMIC THEORY AKA FREUDIAN PSYCHOLOGY PSYCHO-ANALYSIS DEEP PSYCHOLOGY

a most elaborate theory We can only touch on the surface of several pieces of the theory: –Motivational model (big two) –Structure of the mind (levels of awareness) –Structure of personality (dynamics) –Model of development (stages) –Measurement techniques

Motivational Model Driving forces of life Two major motivations

SEX

EROSLife instinct = EROS Libido = current level

AGGRESSION

Death instinct = THANATOS –Aggression toward self –Aggression toward others

Two broad motivations More general meaning than usual equivalent to Positive and Negative life forces Both socially undesirable: need defense

Freud’s Many methods 1.Case study 2.Hypnosis 3.Dream Analysis 4.Free association 5.Projective tests WHY NECESSARY? all designed to get around the patient’s defenses Behavior is symbolic

1. Case study method Dora Anna O.

2. Hypnosis -put patient into altered state - to avoid defenses

3. Dream Analysis Manifest content –Patient’s description Dream-work Latent content –requires interpretation of symbols

4. Free Association open-ended method –-therapist listens to your stream-of- consciousness priming method –therapist provides a series of key words –response delay indicates the sore spots

5. Projective Tests ambiguous stimuli people ‘project’ their thoughts patient’s interpretation reveals innermost thoughts

Rorschach

e. g., Rorschach Ink Blot test you are what you see originally very casual later systematized by Holtzmann

STRUCTURE OF THE MIND  -more complex than previously assumed  -has compartments  -therefore, can do strange things

 1. Conscious mind  2. Pre-conscious mind 3. Un-conscious mind

Iceberg metaphor

STRUCTURE OF PERSONALITY  id Pleasure principle  superego Idealistic principle  ego Reality principle

STAGE THEORY Oral stage Anal stage (retentive vs. expulsive) Phallic stage Latency period Genital stage