The Progressive Presidents Theodore Roosevelt William Taft Woodrow Wilson

President Theodore Roosevelt 1901 - 1909 ( Republican)

Background Cattle Rancher NY City Police Commissioner A member of NY State Assembly Assistant Secretary of the Navy Fought in the Spanish American War (Rough Riders) Vice President to William McKinley https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rzm2EBYfyDg

Background Continued Roosevelt became president when President William McKinley was assassinated.

Roosevelt’s “Square Deal” He believed that businesses, workers, and consumers should all receive fair and honest treatment. Regulated “Big Business” Protected Consumers and Workers Protected the environment

Regulating Big Business – Trust Busting Used Sherman Anti-Trust Act to regulate monopolies Broke up companies like J.P. Morgan’s Northern Securities Co., 1906 signed Hepburn Act – set rail shipping rates

Consumers and Workers 1906 Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act Passed. Food and Drug Administration created. Helped improve work conditions for miners by supporting Arbitration in 1902 coal miners strike in PA.

The Environment An Avid Outdoorsman, he supported Conservation – the limited use of resources. In 1905, created the U.S. Forest Service – protects forests and other natural areas Created several National Parks – Crater Lake, Mesa Verde, Wind Cave 150 million acres of national forests. TR with John Muir at Yosemite National Park 1903

Activity: Progressive Presidents Unit Table of Contents Date: 1/12/15 Activity: Progressive Presidents Warm Up: How would you describe Teddy Roosevelt? -------------------------------- Homework: *Expect a short test on Unit 4 (Chapters 16, 17 & 18) by Wednesday 1/14 *Expect a notebook quiz this week! Pg Title Date 56 Investigative Newspaper Report (T-chart) 12/18 57 Ch 17 Vocab 1/5 58 Ch 17 Notes 1/6 59 Venn Diagram 60 Ch 18 Vocab 1/8 61 Progressives Respond (you will get this in class) 62 Progressive Presidents 1/9

President William Howard Taft 1909 – 1913 (Republican)

Background Former judge from Ohio Member of T.R.’s cabinet Handpicked by Teddy to be his successor. T.R was confident Taft would continue his reform program Quiet, Reserved https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MNn48EFgybM

Regulating Big Business Brought twice the number of anti-trust suits than Roosevelt Strict Interpretation of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Consumers and Workers Signed Payne-Aldrich Bill – raised tariffs, bad for consumers. Established the Children’s Bureau – improved the welfare of children. Supported an 8 hour workday.

The Environment Added 2.7 million acres to the National Wildlife Refuge System Established Glacier National Park

The Election of 1912 Roosevelt felt that Taft had betrayed progressive ideals. Republicans choose Taft, Democrats choose Woodrow Wilson. Roosevelt runs for the Progressive Party, nicknamed the Bull Moose Party. Republican Vote is split which helps Wilson win.

Election Continued

President Woodrow Wilson 1913 – 1921 (Democrat)

Background Was a scholar and an idealist. President of Princeton University. Governor of New Jersey https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Ap7ZTL-0vw

Wilson’s New Freedom Began a national reform program known as the New Freedom He wanted to eliminate all Trusts. He wanted to give more economic freedom to small businesses and ordinary citizens.

Regulation of Big Business Passed the Clayton Act – extended the power of the Sherman Act. Made unions exempt from anti-trust laws. Created the Federal Trade Commission – consumer protection.

Consumers and Workers 1916, the Keating-Owen Child Labor Act – limited child labor. Supported an 8 hour work day (interstate railroads).

The Environment Created the National Park Service. The NPS ran all of the national parks for preservation and public use. Created more national parks – Rocky Mountain, Grand Canyon, Mt. McKinley

Reforming the Banking System The Federal Reserve Act passed in 1913 The Federal Reserve system is the central bank of the U.S. The Fed offers a safety net to private banks. Regulates the amount of money in circulation, and sets interest rates. The Fed has made the financial system more stable.

Progressive Amendments 16th Amendment – created a federal income tax 17th Amendment – Direct election of Senators. 18th Amendment – Prohibition of the manufacture, sale or transportation of alcohol 19th Amendment – Gave women the right to vote

Activity: Progressive Review Unit Table of Contents Date: 1/13/15 Activity: Progressive Review Warm Up: What similar achievements did all 3 Progressive Presidents have? -------------------------------- Homework: * Study Guide due tomorrow *Test tomorrow (40-50 pts) *Expect a notebook quiz this week! Pg Title Date 59 Venn Diagram 1/6 60 Ch 18 Vocab 1/8 61 Progressives Respond (you will get this in class) 62 Progressive Presidents 1/9 63 Progressive Review Sheet 1/13