THE GREAT DEPRESSION OF THE 1930’S “Brother can you spare a dime?”

STOCK MARKET CRASH OF 1929 “Black Thursday”, October 24, 1929 “Black Tuesday”, October 29, 1929

STRUCTURE OF AMERICAN SOCIETY DISINTEGRATES Factories and mines close Banks are worthless Consumer buying stops

1932 – AMERICAN DREAMS ARE SHATTERED 14 million Americans are jobless (almost 1/3 the workforce) Banks foreclose on houses and farms No food, no clothes, no jobs Recycled lifestyle

DUST BOWL (DUST STORMS) OF THE SOUTHERN PLAINS

Major damage in 1932

Black Sunday April 14, hours of a blinding dust storm Dreaded black-blizzard covers entire disaster area Drought adds further devastation

THE VICTIMS OF THE DUST BOWL Colorado Kansas Oklahoma New Mexico Texas Devastation of their cropland Respiratory health issues Unsanitary living Rampant crime Debt-ridden families

DUST BOWL ORPHANS Mass exodus to California Migrant workers become source of cheap labor

Families who had enough money, drove to California in a car loaded down with all the belongings they owned

Hobo with a bindle-stiff Bindle-stiffs were homemade backpacks that carried all their belongings

Scene from a migrant workers’ camp

A dream for many: to be able to buy a lot and build a home of their own.

RESOURCES Angelis, Therese. The Dust Bowl. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Pub., c1989. Farris, John. The dust bowl. San Diego: Lucent Books, c1989. Goldston, Robert. The Great Depression: The United States in the Thirties. New York: The Bobbs-Merrill Co., c1968. Katz, William Loren. An album of the Great Depression. New York: Franklin Watts, c1978. McArthur, Debra. The dust bowl and the Depression in American history. Enslow, c2002. Shannon,David A., ed. The Great Depression. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall,c1960. Shindo, Charles J. Dust bowl migrants in American imagination. University of Kansas, c1997. The American Memory Collection. The American Experience: Surviving the Dust Bowl.

SOURCE INFORMATION FOR SLIDES 1&2 OF POWER POINT PRESENTATION  Slide #1: Son of farmer in dust bowl area. April, 1936 [photograph]Son of farmer in dust bowl area Rothstein, Arthur, photographer. Used by permission of the Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC Source: America from the Great Depression to World War II: Photo- graphs from the FSA-OWI, Digital ID: (b&w film copy of negative of print)cph3c30123  Slide #2: Dust bowl farmers of west Texas in town. June, c1937Dust bowl farmers of west Texas in town [photograph] Dorthea Lange, photographer. Used by permission of the Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC Source: America from the Great Depression to World War II: Photographs from the FSA-OWI, Digital ID: (int. film) Fsa8b38645.

SOURCE INFORMATION FOR SLIDES 3&4 OF POWER POINT PRESENTATION  Slide #3: Abandoned farm in the dust bowl area, Oklahoma. April,Abandoned farm in the dust bowl area C1936. [photograph] Arthur Rothstein, photographer. Used by permission of the Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC Source: America from the Great Depression to World War II: Photographs from the FSA-OWI, Digital ID: (int. film)fsa8b  Slide #4: Along a California highway, a dust bowl refugee bound forAlong a California highway, Oregon. March, 1937.[photograph] Dorothea Lange, photographer. Used by permission of the Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC Source: America from the Great Depression to World War II: Photographs from the FSA-OWI, Digital ID: (intermediary roll film) fsa8b

SOURCE INFORMATION FOR SLIDES 5&6 OF POWER POINT PRESENTATION  Slide #5: Home of a dust bowl refugee in California. March, 1937.Home of a dust bowl refugee in California [photograph] Dorothea Lange, photographer. Used by permission of Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC Source: America from the Great Depression to World War II: Photographs from the FSA-OWI, Digital ID: (intermediary roll film)fsa8b  Slide #6: Oklahoma dust bowl refugees. San Fernando, California.Oklahoma dust bowl refugees June, [photograph] Dorothea Lange, photographer. Used by Permission of Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC Source: America from the Great Depression to World War II: Photographs from the FSA-OWI, Digital ID: (intermediary roll film) fsa8b27316.

SOURCE INFORMATION FOR SLIDES 7&8 OF POWER POINT PRESENTATION  Slide #7: Squatter camp on county road near Calipatria. FortySquatter camp on county road near Calipatria families from the dust bowl have been camped here for months on the edge of the pea fields. There has been no work because the crop was frozen. March, [photograph] Dorothea Lange, photographer. Used by permission of Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, DC Source: America from the Great Depression to World War II: Photographs from the FSA-OWI, Digital ID: (intermediary roll film) fsa8b  Slide #8: Migrant agricultural worker’s family. Seven childrenMigrant agricultural worker’s family without food. March, [photograph] Dorothea Lange,photographer. Used by permission of Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, DC Source: America from the Great Depression to World War II. Digital ID:(b&w copy scan)fsa8b29525

SOURCE INFORMATION FOR SLIDES 9&10 OF POWER POINT PRESENTATION  Slide 9: Mother washing feet and cleaning up daughter’s inMother washing feet and cleaning up daughter’s in Sharecropper’s shackSharecropper’s shack. Southeast Missouri Farms. May, [photograph] Russell Lee, photographer. Used by permission of Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, DC Source: America from the Great Depression to World War II: Photographs from the FSA-OWI, Digital ID:(b&w film copy of negative print) cph3c  Slide 10: Construction worker with wife and neighbor’s child in tentConstruction worker with wife and neighbor’s child in tent home near Alexandria, Louisianahome near Alexandria, Louisiana. Ten men, two women, and two children live here. December, [photograph] Marion Post Wolcott, Photographer. Used by permission of Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, DC Source: America from the Great Depression to World War II. Digital ID: (int.roll film)fsa8c14455.