Health and Safety Alison Cleary, Chris Dimitriadis

Safety Issues: Birth-2 years Have items that pass safety standards 1.Buy from credible brands 2.Check items before giving to children 3.Check for recalls Keep children from suffocating 1.Remove blankets and mobiles from cribs 2.Keep all bags stored out of reach 3.Don’t use sleep positioners and bed barriers Children may fall down the stairs 1.Do not use baby walkers 2.Use child barriers on stair cases 3.Supervise children while playing Keep children from falling 1.Put barriers on changing tables 2.Keep strapped in high chairs 3.Cribs need proper cribs with barriers Drowning 1.Supervise children in tubs 2.Put fences around pools and spas 3.Supervise children when playing near any water

Safety Issues: 3-5 years Children can easily fall 1.Do not use bunk beds 2.Lock all windows 3.Keep barriers at top of stairs Poisoning 1.Keep chemicals out of reach 2.Lock cabinets 3.Supervise children when playing Electrocution 1.Cover all outlets 2.Supervise children when near appliances 3.Keep children away from electric fences Burns 1.Put barriers between fireplaces and heaters 2.Keep children away from oven 3.Keep lighters and matches out of reach Choking 1.Cut food into small pieces 2.Plan child-friendly meals 3.Supervise children during meals

Top 5 Choking Hazards 1. Peanuts 2. Raw Veggies 3. Sausage-shaped food 4. Cheese cubes 5. Marbles or balls

First Aid Bruises: Apply a cold pack. Cuts: Clean wound with soap and water, cover with bandage or gauze. Falls(fracture or sprain) Activate EMS if severe, until arrival keep patient comfortable and still. Treat all external bleeding or bruises if any. Shock: Activate EMS, keep child comfortable and warm, calm them down as much as possible. Allergic reaction: Give medications or epi-pen immediately. Lice: Must use special shampoo, heat all affected items (boil or put in dryer). Knocked out tooth: Stop bleeding with gauze, if child is older, try to save the tooth in milk, place back in socket or take to a dentist. Choking: Do the Heimlich ( or back blows for younger children ), Perform CPR Bee Sting: Remove Stinger, apply ice pack, give antihistamine if dr approves, give ibuprofen for pain First Degree: burns top layer of skin, causes redness and mild swelling Treatment: run burn under cold water Second Degree: damage underlying layers of skin, cause blisters Third Degree: destroy skin layers and nerve endings Treatment for second & third degree burns: Call EMS immediately Poisoning: Look at label of whatever was ingested for directions, call poison control:

Immunizations Birth-9 years Birth– 4 Months: Hepatitis B DTaP-(Diphtheria, tetanus and Pertussis) HiB- (pneumonia) Polio Pneumococcal Conjugate Rotavirus 6-12 Months: Influenza HiB- (pneumonia) Pneumococcal Conjugate MMR- (measles) Varicella Months: Hepatitis B DTaP- (Diphtheria, tetanus and Pertussis) Hepatitis A 4-6 Years: DTaP- (Diphtheria, tetanus and Pertussis) Polio MMR- (measles) Varicella 7-9 Years: Hepatitis A DTaP Polio Measles Chickenpox Flu

Symptoms Hepatitis A- fatigue, loss of appetite, Muscle ache, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, and cold symptoms Hepatitis B- Fever, Abdominal Pain, Jaundice Diphtheria- Chills, barking cough, bluish skin, drainage from the nose, breathing problems Tetanus-painful muscle stiffness, seizures, fever, sweating, fast heart rate Pertussis- Runny nose, slight fever, diarrhea, choking spell Polio- Muscle and joint weakness, fatigue, breathing problems, decreased tolerance to cold Pneumococcal Meningitis- fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, headache, sensitivity to light, stiff neck Rotavirus- vomiting, fever, diarrhea Influenza-fever, headache, fatigue, sore throat, dry cough, body ache Pneumonia- Low fever, chills, muscle ache, fatigue, chest pain, sore throat, coughing Measles- Fever, dry cough, runny nose, inflamed eyes, sensitivity to light, skin rash Chickenpox- Loss of appetite, headache, sore throat, fever, swollen spots that turn into blisters

Fire Evacuation Procedures Make basic plan in case of fire Install smoke alarms in every sleeping room and on every level of the home Choose an outside meeting place Make sure street number is clearly visible from the road Memorize emergency phone numbers Have a plan to assist those who are unable to help themselves Practice plan often Make sure you have the safest possible way out Never go back inside once you are out of the house

Important Numbers Poison Control: Fire Department & Police Emergency: 911 Police Non-Emergency: Fire Non Emergency: Emergency Room: