Summarizing Paraphrasing Harvard Citation Signal Words Verbs of Attribution September 2010

KISS Steps for Paraphrasing. Step 1: Understand what you read, while you are reading Don’t try to memorize Think about what you read before you write. What are the Main Ideas?

September 2010 Kiss Steps for Paraphrasing Step 2: Close the book (don’t look).  Think about what you have read  Pretend you have to explain what you read to another student

September 2010 Kiss Steps for Paraphrasing Step 3: Paraphrase what you read.  Without looking at what you’ve read.  In your own words, write what you remember.

September 2010 Kiss Steps for Paraphrasing. Step 4: Review the reading.  Look for important information that you forgot to include  You don’t need to include everything . Step 5: Revise step 3. Re-write and include the information from step 4

September 2010 Kiss Steps for Paraphrasing. Step 6: Edit your writing.  Don’t skip this step!  Edit grammar, spelling, punctuation, etc.  Keep your sentences short. They are easier to fix!

September 2010 Essay Activities Essay one: 1.Read the Essay 2.Paraphrase paragraph 2 & 3. 3.Write a Summary of the essay! 4.Prepare to turn it in. 5.Name, School, Student number. 6.Name of your partner(s).

Should I reference?  Reference Required? – Tick Yes or NO YESNO 1. Copy text from another source 2. Include a table of data or a diagram from another source 3. Mention a fact which is commonly known 4. Discuss the ideas or research of another person in your own words 5. Write about something you know you’ve read about, but you can’t remember where. 6. Write about your own opinions on a topic 7. Paraphrase the ideas from two separate sources linking them together using your own words 8. Present results of your own experiment or survey

Should I reference?  Reference Required? – Tick Yes or NO YESNO 1. Copy text from another source  2. Include a table of data or a diagram from another source  3. Mention a fact which is commonly known  4. Discuss the ideas or research of another person in your own words  5. Write about something you know you’ve read about, but you can’t remember where.  6. Write about your own opinions on a topic  7. Paraphrase the ideas from two separate sources linking them together using your own words  8. Present results of your own experiment or survey 

Harvard Style In-Text Citation Addy (2006) explains that children with developmental coordination disorder often struggle within mainstream education (25). Addy (2006:25) explains that children with developmental coordination disorder often struggle within mainstream education. Children with developmental coordination disorder often struggle within mainstream education (Addy, 2006:25).

Book Naidoo, J. & Willis, J. (2001) Health studies: an introduction. Basingstoke, Palgrave. Author(s): Surname. Initial(s), - Use & between two authors. Date: Year of publication Title: In sentence case and italicised. Publisher: Place of publication, publisher.

Journal Article Kelly, C. & Lynes, D. (2008) Psychological effects of chronic lung disease. Nursing Times, 104(47), pp Author(s): Surname, Initial(s). - Use & between two authors. Date: Year of publication Article Title: In sentence case Journal Title In Title Case and italicised Journal information: Volume and issue as x(x), followed by page numbers pp. for multiple pages, p. For a single page.

Website Department for Children, Schools and Families. (2009) Background to every child matters. Every Child Matters [Online]. Available at ackground/. Accessed on 18 th February 2010, 11:10pm. ackground/ Author(s): Surname, Initial(s). - Use & between two authors. Otherwise use corporate author or organisation. Date: Year site last updated (often shown at the bottom of the page). If not known, enter (no date). Access information Full address of webpage, date and time accessed. Page Title In sentence case Website Title Title Case and italicised. Followed by [Online].

September 2010 Answers to Citation Activity (from hand-out) #1 – Book Lewis, J.S Physics and chemistry of the solar system. San Diego: Academic Press. #2 – Chapter in an edited book Smith. J The instruments of Hungarian folk dance music. In: Jones, R. and Green, D. eds. Folk music of Eastern Europe. London: Edward Arnold, pp

September 2010 #3 – Journal article Starkl, M. and Brunner, N Feasibility versus sustainability in urban water management. Journal of Environmental Management 71(3), pp #4 - Electronic journal article Halford, S Towards the sociology of organizational space. Sociological Research Online [Online] 9(1). Available at: ml [Accessed: 10th June 2004].

September 2010 # 5 – Web document Lane, C. et al The future of professionalised work: UK and Germany compared [Online]. London: Anglo-German Foundation for the Study of Industrial Society. Available at: [Accessed: 10th June 2004].

September 2010