Agenda  Go Over Homework  “The Rise of Islam” Notes  Homework:  Read Chapter 9 Section 2 in your book (pgs ) and take notes

The Rise of Islam World History Ms. Costas

Arabia  Arabia is in a part of the world called the Middle East  Its geography affected how people lived their day to day lives  Mostly desert  High temperatures  Sandstorms make it difficult to see  Water and plant life are found at oases

The Early Arabs  The early Arabs lived in clans and tribes that were loyal to one another  These people were called Bedouins  They were nomadic tribes who lived on the Arabian peninsula  They lived in tents, ate dried fruits and nuts, and drank milk from the animals they herded  A majority of the people lived in small villages and made their money by trading goods with other civilizations  They would travel in caravans or groups

The Prophet of Islam  Muhammad was born in 570 C.E. in the city of Mecca  Mecca was a bustling town at the center of trade  Even though he was successful, he was not happy  He felt that the rich town leaders should:  Go back to the old traditional ways  Honor their families  Be fair in business  Help the poor

Prophet Continued  Muhammad went to the hills to meditate  In 610 C.E. he was visited by the angel Gabriel  He was told by the angel to preach Islam  Islam means “Surrendering to the will of Allah”  Allah is the Arabic word for God

Muhammad’s Teachings  Muhammad went back to Mecca and told everyone to break the statues of false gods  He told them to only worship Allah, the one true God  Muhammad taught that all people were equal:  The rich should share their things  Being rich was not as important as leading a good life  When the Day of Judgment came, God would reward the good and punish the bad

Opposition to Islam  Religious leaders and the rich did not like Islam and punished those who followed Muhammad  Muhammad and his followers were forced to flee Mecca in 622 C.E. and moved north to a city called Medina  “City of the Prophet”  Muhammad created a government in Medina that used its power in politics to support Islam  This was called an Islamic state  In 630 C.E. Muhammad’s army took over Mecca and made it a holy city

Islam’s Teachings  Islam, Judaism, and Christianity believe many of the same things:  Believe in one God who spoke to people through prophets  These are called Semitic religions  Muslims believe Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad are the prophets  Christians see Jesus as divine/god-like  Muslims do NOT see Muhammad as divine  Just a good person and prophet  Muslims wrote down what Allah told Muhammad in the Quran, the holy book of Islam  The Quran was a book on how to live  Be honest, treat others fairly, honor their parents, give to the poor, do not murder, lie, or steal  Cannot eat pork, drink alcohol, or gamble

Five Pillars of Islam  Testimony of Faith - Shahada  Must declare belief in only one god, Allah  Prayer - Salat  Must pray towards Mecca five times a day  Almsgiving- Zakat  All Muslims are expected to donate money to the poor  Fasting - Sawm  Must abstain from eating, drinking, and sexual activity from sun up to sun down during Ramadan  Pilgrimage - Hajj  All Muslims should travel to Mecca at least one time in their lives if they are physically and financially able