Page 1 May 2010 © Siemens AG 2010 Industry / Drive Technologies Innovative Hybrid Drive Systems for Commercial Vehicles Industry – Drive Technologies Innovative Hybrid Drive Systems for Commercial Vehicles  Siemens has developed ELFA ®, a modular electric drive system for city buses and other commercial vehicles  Hybrid means the combination of different kinds of energy supplies, like diesel generator sets, batteries, fuel cells. etc  Based on the flexible energy management functions and the component platform of ELFA ®, nearly all kinds of energy supplies can be combined Mix of nearly all kinds of energy supplies

Page 2 May 2010 © Siemens AG 2010 Industry / Drive Technologies Innovative Hybrid Drive Systems for Commercial Vehicles Overall Situation  Over 50% of the world population lives in urban areas and will increase  Over 50% of inner urban public transport is provided by buses – even in industrialized countries like Germany  Increasing demand for  emission reduction  noise reduction  clean, quiet and comfortable public transport

Page 3 May 2010 © Siemens AG 2010 Industry / Drive Technologies Innovative Hybrid Drive Systems for Commercial Vehicles The key components for the ELFA drive system  Implementation of high efficient drive motors based on permanent magnets with efficiency up to 97%  Using latest technology of power electronics in a robust, water- cooled and flexible design  Developing of a Siemens Ultra- Capacitor energy storage system for series introduction in 2011  Sophisticated drive control and energy management software functions adapted to the vehicle requirements Inverter Permanent Magnet Motor Ultracapacitor Energy Storage System

Page 4 May 2010 © Siemens AG 2010 Industry / Drive Technologies Innovative Hybrid Drive Systems for Commercial Vehicles Technology – Permanent Magnet Motor Due to the frequent stop and go cycles of a city bus, permanent magnet motors save energy compared to fuel driven engines.  Permanent magnet motor reaches 97% efficiency  Due to the high torque, no gearbox necessary  Significant noise reduction  Low maintenance costs  Due to lower current the converter size can be optimized  Significant lower life operational costs compared to induction motors lead to a return on investment in less than two years Energy Losses Available electric motor h/a Permanent Magnet Motor h/a Energy Saving with PEM-technology  approx kWh p.a.  liter diesel p.a. per bus Speed [km/h] Time [s] Example Munich line 66

Page 5 May 2010 © Siemens AG 2010 Industry / Drive Technologies Innovative Hybrid Drive Systems for Commercial Vehicles Technology – 4-phase Inverter  Only one type of AC/DC – inverter due to flexible 4-phase structure supporting control of different kind of motors and generators.  Robust automotive water-cooled design with e.g. high degree of protection, high mechanical and electro magnetic compatibility requirements.  Easy power adaption due to parallel connection of inverters is possible.  Modular and flexible software architecture supports all kinds of hybrid systems like diesel hybrid, fuel cell hybrids etc.  Diagnostic interface based on state of the art automotive CAN (Controller Area Network) communication protocol. Operating Voltage DC:300V V Max Current:350 A Max Power:320 kVA Switching frequency:2 kHz.. 6 kHz Weight:30 kg Dimensions:411 x 454 x 183 mm

Page 6 May 2010 © Siemens AG 2010 Industry / Drive Technologies Innovative Hybrid Drive Systems for Commercial Vehicles Technology – Ultra Capacitor System  Energy storage system based on ultra capacitor cell technology supports years of life in heavy duty city bus applications  Significant lower life cycle costs as any other energy storage, due to high efficiency and long life-time  High power capability enables the maximum recuperation of braking power  Advanced ultra capacitor management software with clever limitation functions and easy integration into the hybrid drive system  Diagnostic interface based on state of the art automotive protocol Roof mounted Ultra Capacitor System for MAN Series Hybrid Bus Operating Voltage: V Max Current:400A Max charge power:180kW Max discharge power:180kW Usable energy content: Wh Weight:450 kg Dimensions:2,210 x 1,035 x 418mm

Page 7 May 2010 © Siemens AG 2010 Industry / Drive Technologies Innovative Hybrid Drive Systems for Commercial Vehicles Technology – Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)  A CVT provides fast, smooth and stepless ratio changes which lead to higher fuel efficiency  A CVT has less parts than an automatic transmission resulting in lower cost and better reliability  CVT prototype developed in context of a Siemens TTB project with technology from Efficient Drivetrain Inc. (EDI) in order to support parallel hybrid configurations  The involute chain used in the EDI CVT helps transfer the large torque required for medium duty vehicles at record efficiency CVT integrated in a hybrid vehicle

Page 8 May 2010 © Siemens AG 2010 Industry / Drive Technologies Innovative Hybrid Drive Systems for Commercial Vehicles Market Segment – Delivery Truck and Shuttle Bus  Drive cycles of shuttle buses and delivery trucks have stop & go as well as cruising speeds  Projecting a 10% conversion ratio to hybrid by 2015, this market segment could represent 100,000 hybrid drive trains  City driving cycles  pure battery drive system  Mixed driving cycles  parallel hybrid system

Page 9 May 2010 © Siemens AG 2010 Industry / Drive Technologies Innovative Hybrid Drive Systems for Commercial Vehicles Market Segments – City Bus  buses p.a. in the developed areas in the world  We estimate that by 2015 of the city buses 30% will be pure electric, fuel cell or combustion engine hybrid  Up to 40 % fuel consumption reduction is possible  High mileage p.a. and high fuel reduction allows ROI within less than 4 years

Page 10 May 2010 © Siemens AG 2010 Industry / Drive Technologies Innovative Hybrid Drive Systems for Commercial Vehicles Market Segment – Utility Vehicle  Garbage trucks  nearly noiseless garbage collection offers night operation  strong stop & go cycles support high fuel reduction  Utility vehicles with low daily mileage are also suited for pure battery electric operation, i.e. cleaning vehicles, bucket trucks, mobile crane

Page 11 May 2010 © Siemens AG 2010 Industry / Drive Technologies Innovative Hybrid Drive Systems for Commercial Vehicles Sustainability Benefits for the operators, the passengers and the city inhabitants  Reduction of fuel consumption by more than 40%  Reduction of emissions, i.e. CO2 by more than 40%  Significant noise reduction  Comfortable and smooth acceleration without shifting gears and reduced vibration Jürgen Fetzer Eugen Holl