Open Access Catherine Boden, Health Sciences Liaison Librarian David Fox, Head of Monographs Presentation to the Musculoskeletal Journal Club College of Kinesiology March 9, 2011

Overview  What is open access?  What motivated(s) the Open Access Movement?  Practical issues in publishing OA journals or in institutional repositories. Feel free to ask questions at any time!

Influences in Motivating Change in Scholarly Communication Serials Crisis Copyright & Digital Materials Internet Technologies S CHOLARLY C ULTURE

Open Access Movement Timeline NIH Deposit Mandate CIHR Deposit Mandate Universal Deposit Policy - Harvard UDP– U of C, Oregon State & MIT Late 1990’s onward - Serials Crisis/Permissios Crisis Late 1990’s – John Willinsky advocates for change 1990’s – internet offers reduced cost & accessiblity 2004 – Reed Elsevier allows deposit of pre-prints 2004 – Springer allows authors to choose OA 2003 – Berlin Statement on Open Access Publishing Budapest Open Access Initiative 2003 – Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing 1998 – J. Willinsky & the Public Knowledge Project

Budapest-Bethesda-Berlin definition: “By "open access" to this literature, we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself. The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited. “ (

10 Flavours of OA (Willinsky, 2005; Appendix A) 1. Home page OA 2. E-print archive (e.g., Biomed Central) 3. Author fee 4. Subsidized 5. Dual-Mode 6. Delayed 7. Partial 8. Per Capita 9. Indexing 10. Cooperative (e.g., Open Medicine)

Gold  OA Publishing  E.g., Open Medicine, PLoS Green  Archiving in a repository  E.g., repositories such as Biomed Central or institutional repositories Two Strategies for Open Access

 Removal of barriers to access a) Breaking down the divide between “haves” and “have-nots”  Scholarly a) Accelerates the dissemination of knowledge OA journals citation advantage* e-publishing format enables faster access b) Liberalization of author permissions c) Increase your research citation impact OA journals citation advantage* Reasons to publish in an OA Journal * e.g., Hajjem, Harnad & Gingras, Ten-year cross-disciplinary comparison of growth of open access and how it increases Research Citation Impact

From Fox (2010) Open access publishing overview.

Publishing in OA Journals  How do you find OA journals in your discipline? a) Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)  How do you find the impact factor of a journal? a) Web of Science b) Scopus c) But….not all can be found this way  Who pays the author fee? a) Research funds b) Other…

OA Journals in Kinesiology JournalImpact FactorAuthor Processing Charge International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2.6£1035/US$1680/€1215 BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders2.2£1175/US$1905/€1380 PLoS Biology12$2900

Barriers to “Gold” OA  Assumes access to the internet  Controversy of OA citation advantage.  Misperceptions – peer-review, quality, impact  Perceived/real impact on tenure/promotion  Who pays for it?

The green alternative…  Publish in a subscription journal but deposit in institutional repositories  Satisfy funding agency mandates a) NIH – 2005 b) CIHR – 2008 c) NSERC – policy pending  Be aware of your rights and the rights of the copyright holder.

Determining and retaining author rights SHERPA/RoMEO SHERPA/RoMEO (Nottingham) a) self-archiving permissions SPARC Canadian Author Addendum a) User GuideUser Guide  tool for retaining author’s right s

Resources Learn more about OA  UoS OA libguide -  OAISIS Open Access Sourcebook – Author Tools  SPARC Canadian Authors Addendum - abrc.ca/projects/author/author-e.html#addendumhttp:// abrc.ca/projects/author/author-e.html#addendum  SHERPA/RoMEO (publishers’ copyright and archiving policies)  SHERPA/Juliet (research funders’ OA policies) Author Rights  SPARC FAQ’s -  Creative Commons -