Update on the NIST Smart Grid Standardization Efforts Nada Golmie National Institute of Standards and Technology November 16, 2009

The NIST Role In cooperation with the DoE and other stakeholders, NIST has “primary responsibility to coordinate development of a framework that includes protocols and model standards for information management to achieve interoperability of smart grid devices and systems…” Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 Title XIII, Section Smart Grid Interoperability Framework

Outline Smart Grid Interoperability Panel NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards –Priority Action Plan for IP – PAP#1 –Priority Action Plan for Wireless Communications – PAP#2 –Application communication requirements 3

NIST Three Phase Plan 4 PHASE 1 Engage stakeholders in a participatory public process to identify applicable standards, gaps in currently available standards and priorities for new standardization activities PHASE 2 Establish a formal standards panel to drive longer-term progress. PHASE 3 Develop and implement a framework for testing and certification March November (Draft) Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards ( Release 1.0) (Final) Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards ( Release 1.0) Public review and comments

Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP) Vision Public-private partnership to support NIST EISA responsibility Open, transparent body Representation from all smart grid stakeholder groups Open to any materially interested stakeholder organizations Not dominated by any one group SGIP does not directly develop or write standards –Stakeholders participate in the ongoing coordination, acceleration and harmonization of standards development. –Reviews use cases, identifies requirements, coordinates conformance testing, and proposes action plans for achieving these goals. 5

Smart Grid Interoperability Panel and Governing Board SGIPGB Products (IKB) NIST Oversight SGIP One Organization, One Vote Working Groups SGIP Standing Committee Members (2) SGIP Standing Committee Members (2) Smart Grid Identified Standards Use Cases Requirement s Standards Descriptio ns Standards Descriptio ns Priority Action Plans Priority Action Plans At large Members (3) At large Members (3) Ex Officio (non-voting) Members Ex Officio (non-voting) Members Stakeholder Category Members (22) Stakeholder Category Members (22) Standing Committees Conceptual Model SGIP Structure 6

SGIP Stakeholder Categories 7 1Appliance and consumer electronics providers 2 Commercial and Industrial equipment manufacturers and automation vendors 3Consumers – Residential, Commercial and Industrial 4Electric transportation industry Stakeholders 5 Electric utility companies – Investor Owned Utilities (IOU) and Publicly Owned Utilities 6Electric utility companies - Municipal (MUNI) 7 Electric utility companies - Rural Electric Association (REA) 8 Electricity and financial market traders (includes aggregators) 9Independent power producers 10 Information and communication technologies (ICT) Infrastructure and Service Providers 11 Information technology (IT) application developers and integrators 12Power equipment manufacturers and vendors 13 Professional societies, users groups, trade associations and industry consortia 14R&D organizations and academia 15Relevant Federal Government Agencies 16Renewable Power Producers 17Retail Service Providers 18 Standard and specification development organizations (SDOs) 19State and local regulators 20Testing and Certification Vendors 21 Transmission operators and Independent System Operators 22Venture Capital 7

SGIP: Governing Board Vision Maintains a broad perspective of the NIST Interoperability Framework and supports NIST Provides guidance and tools that make it an impartial and practical resource for SG stakeholders Members representing a broad community based on breadth of experience and involvement –Each stakeholder category has a position on Governing Board –Additional at-large and ex-officio members –Nominating committee process in steady state Consensus is a core value –All legitimate views and proposals are considered –Voting mechanisms to be defined 8

First Phase Initial Output: NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards, Release 1.0 A conceptual reference model to facilitate design of an architecture for the Smart Grid overall and for each of its networked domains; An initial set of standards; Priorities for additional standards necessary to resolve important gaps and to assure the interoperability, reliability, and security of Smart Grid components; and Action plans for responding to short-term and long- term needs for standards, including recommended timetables and identification of necessary collaborative relationships with standards development organizations (SDOs) with expertise in Smart Grid domains or technology areas

Smart Grid Priority Action PlansTarget Date Smart meter upgradeability standardcompleted Common specification for price and product definition early 2010 Common scheduling mechanism for energy transactions year-end 2009 Common information model for distribution grid management year-end 2010 Standard demand response signalsJanuary 2010 Standard for energy use informationJanuary 2010 IEC Objects / DNP3 Mapping2010

Smart Grid Priority Action Plans (continued) Target Date Time synchronizationmid-2010 Transmission and distribution power systems models mapping year-end 2010 Guidelines for use of IP protocol suite in the Smart Grid mid-year 2010 Guidelines for use of wireless communications in the Smart Grid mid-year 2010 Electric storage interconnection guidelinesmid-2010 Interoperability standards to support plug-in electric vehicles December 2010 Standard meter data profilesyear-end 2010 Harmonize Power Line Carrier Standards for Appliance Communications in the Home Just added

12 Level of Urgency The $3.4 billion in U.S. Smart Grid Investment Grants, combined with matching $4.7 billion in private funds ($8.1 billion total) will result in deployment, over the next 3-4 years of –40 million smart meters (about 1/4 of the total meter base in the U.S.) –850 phasor measurement units covering 100% of the grid –200,000 smart transformers –700 automated substations –1 million in-home displays –170,000 smart thermostats –175,000 other load control devices. There is only a very small window of opportunity to specify the standards that will be used in these deployments since they will be completed within 3-4 years.

13 Smart Grid Cyber Security Strategy Cyber Security Coordination Task Group (CSCTG) to develop a set of recommended cyber security requirements sggrid/bin/view/SmartGrid/CyberSecurityCTG Draft NIST Interagency Report (NISTIR) 7628, Smart Grid Cyber Security Strategy and Requirements –Comments must be received on or before December 1, 2009 –How to provide comments: –Final document planned for publication in March 2010.

IP Priority Action Plan Develop Smart Grid application communication requirements and devise a taxonomy for applications with similar network requirements –Draft matrix under development and available for review sggrid/pub/SmartGrid/PAP02Wireless/app_matrix_pap.xls sggrid/pub/SmartGrid/PAP02Wireless/app_matrix_pap.xls Identify a Core Protocol Suite for IP-based Smart Grid –IETF drafts and reports submitted for considerations Develop Application-Specific Protocol Requirements –Identify additional protocols or protocol enhancements beyond the core suite required by a specific class of applications –Develop guidelines for IP-based Smart Grid networks Perform Gap Analysis –Identify new protocol or protocol enhancement standardization activities required to fully support the Smart Grid Vision 14

Wireless Priority Action Plan Develop Smart Grid application communication requirements and devise a taxonomy for applications with similar network requirements –Draft under development and available for review sggrid/pub/SmartGrid/PAP02Wireless/app_matrix_pap.xls sggrid/pub/SmartGrid/PAP02Wireless/app_matrix_pap.xls Develop terminology and definitions Create an attribute list and performance metrics for wireless standards –Draft developed and available for review _Wireless_Characteristics-IEEE802-v_02.xls Create an inventory of wireless technologies and standards that are identified by each SDO –Feedback is expected by December 6, Conduct an evaluation of the wireless technologies based on the application requirements Perform a gap analysis and developing guidelines for the use of wireless technologies. 15

Smart Grid Application Communication Requirements What? Review Smart Grid use cases and application domains and devise a taxonomy for applications with similar network requirements How will it be done? Identify applications with similar networking requirements Requirements include data rate (traffic patterns, how much and how often), delay, jitter, loss, data distribution (point to point or point to multi-point), security Who? Utility and user groups, SG community, with NIST help Timeline End of 2009 Progress to date Work has started within the Open SG UCAiug, NEMA, and NIST Focus of combined IP and wireless PAP session at Grid-Interop 16

What’s next First SGIP meeting held at the Grid-Interop Conference, November 16-19, 2009 in Denver, Colorado –SGIP charter ratification –SGIP governing board (electronic) elections and results –Priority action plan workshop

Sources NIST Smart Grid web site NIST Smart Grid Twiki sggrid/bin/view/SmartGrid/WebHome IP Priority Action Plan sggrid/bin/view/SmartGrid/PAP01InternetProfile Wireless Priority Action Plan sggrid/bin/view/SmartGrid/PAP02Wireless 18