Acid Base Reaction Species Bio Sciences: pH 9/18/2015 1

Bellwork Bromothymol blue turns ______ in an acid and ______in a base. 9/18/2015Property of CTE Joint Venture 2 Yellow Blue

Objectives 1. Write the generic format for an acid base reaction 2. Identify the salt on the product side of an acid base reaction 3. Write the definition of a conjugate acid or base 4. Pick out the conjugate base and conjugate acid from and acid base reaction 5. Match the acid/base and conjugated base/ acid pair when given an acid base reaction 9/18/2015Property of CTE Joint Venture 3

Terminology Salt: In chemistry, salts are compounds that result from the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base. They are composed of what is left of the acid after it losses a proton (H + ) and what is left of the base after is loses/ produces the hydroxide (OH - ). Conjugate Acid-Base Pair: Conjugate acid-base pairs are compounds that differ by the presence of one proton, or H +. Conjugate Acid: What results when a base accepts a proton (H + ), it becomes a conjugate acid because it now has a proton that it can donate Conjugate Base: What results when an acid donates a proton (H + ) it becomes a base, because it now has room to accept a proton. 9/18/2015Property of CTE Joint Venture 4

Acid Base Equation HA + BOH ↔ BA + H 2 O 9/18/2015Property of CTE Joint Venture 5 The AcidBase Salt Water The above is a generic example of and acid base neutralization reaction, which produces a salt and water. What is a neutralization reaction? We will learn what a salt is in a bit

Acid Base Recall What is the acid in the reaction? What is the base? Use your notes/ vocab sheets from earlier in the unit if you need assistance, and write in lab book. 9/18/2015Property of CTE Joint Venture 6 1. HCl + NaOH ↔ NaCl + H 2 O AcidBase 2. KOH + HC 2 H 3 O 2 ↔ K C 2 H 3 O 2 + H 2 O Acid Base

Salts With out going into a lot of detail, one of the products from a neutralization reaction is a salt – and no, it is not always NaCl. There are various types of acid base reactions, but we will just focus on those that always produce water and a salt 9/18/2015Property of CTE Joint Venture 7 HA + BOH ↔ BA + H 2 O Salt

Salts The definition of a salt in chemistry is: Compounds that result from the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base. Salts are composed of what is left of the acid after it losses a proton (H + ) and what is left of the base after is loses/ produces the hydroxide (OH - ). 9/18/2015Property of CTE Joint Venture 8 HA + BOH ↔ BA + H 2 O Salt

Acid Base Reactions Salt Right each reaction down and circle the salts. HClO + NaOH  NaClO + H 2 O H 2 SO 4 + KOH  KHSO 4 + H 2 O LiH 5 C 8 O 7 + H 2 O  H 6 C 8 O 7 + LiOH * 9/18/2015 Property of CTE Joint Venture 9 *hydrolysis reaction, but still look for salt

Conjugate Acids and Bases Conjugate Acid: What results when a base accepts a proton (H + ), it becomes a conjugate acid because it now has a proton that it can donate Conjugate Base: What results when an acid donates a proton (H + ) it becomes a base, because it now has room to accept a proton. 9/18/2015Property of CTE Joint Venture 10 B + HA ↔ BH + + H - Base Conjugate Acid B + HA ↔ BH + + H - AcidConjugate Base

Conjugate Acids and Bases A-B Partner Teach Turn to a partner and tell them the two (2) most important things they have learned so far in regards to conjugate acids and bases, Specifically partner A: how to find the conjugate acid if given the base. Partner B: how to find the conjugate base if given the acid. 9/18/2015Property of CTE Joint Venture 11

Writing Conjugate Acids and Bases Using your definition of a Bronsted Lowry Acid and Base and your definition of a conjugate acid or base fill in the correct solution to the blanks HCl + NH 3  ____+ Cl - HC 2 H 3 O 2 + H 2 O  ____ + H 3 O + H 2 O + NH 3  NH ____ 9/18/2015Property of CTE Joint Venture 12 NH 4 + C2H3O2-C2H3O2- OH -

Conjugate Acids and Base Pairs Recalling your definitions of Bronsted Lowry acids and bases, together they therefore exist as conjugate pairs whose formulas are related by the gain or loss of a hydrogen ion. Conjugate Acid-Base Pair: Conjugate acid-base pairs are compounds that differ by the presence of one proton, or H +. 9/18/2015Property of CTE Joint Venture 13

Conjugate Acids and Base Pairs Practice Using your Knowledge of conjugate acids and bases identify the conjugate acid base pairs in the following reactions ? HCl + NH 3  NH Cl - HC 2 H 3 O 2 + H 2 O  C 2 H 3 O H 3 O + 9/18/2015Property of CTE Joint Venture 14 Conjugate Acids and Base Pair

Closure Respond to ALL of the following prompts using at least one to relate to Conjugate Acids, Conjugate Bases, and Salts: a. I now understand..... b. I would like to know more about.... c. I need more help with.... d. I could teach someone else to.... 9/18/2015Property of CTE Joint Venture 15