Epidemiology of smoking and quitting in Hungary Edit Paulik, László Nagymajtényi Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS OF TOBACCO CONTROL Szeged, 18 June 2011

Social and health related predictors of smoking and quitting in Hungary * PURPOSE OF STUDY  To determine social, economic and health-related factors associated with smoking vs. non-smoking, and quitting  To describe attitudes/opinions about tobacco control policies in various subgroups of population  To support the planning and implementation of smoking related interventions in various subgroups of the population *This publication was made possible by Grant Number 1 R01 TW from the Fogarty International Center, the National Cancer Institute, and the National Institutes on Drug Abuse, within the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official view of the NIH.

Methods  Self-administered questionnaire  years old population living in various regions of Hungary 48 settlements (n=2,250) Response rate: 57.4%  Sample characteristics Mean age: 42.4  14.6 ys; (min: 16, max: 70 ys) (age-groups:  24; 25-44; 45-64;  65 ys) Males: 46.8%, females: 53.2% Education level: low 18.6%; medium 61.8%; high 19.6%

Statistical analysis Dependent variables Smoking status Quitting smoking Attitudes toward tobacco control policies Independent variables Age Sex Education Regions Association between smoking status and attitudes Association between quitting and attitudes SPSS 17.0 for Windows

Smoking status SMOKERS: 33.2%; FORMER SMOKERS: 17.6%; NON-SMOKERS: 49.2% SMOKERS BY SEX*: MALE 38.7%; FEMALE 28.4% SMOKERS (%) within age-groups (ys)* education* geographical regions* Chi-square test: *p  0.05

Quitting smoking 48.0% OF SMOKERS WANTED TO QUIT SMOKING, 22.5% WAS UNCERTAIN 29.5% DIDN’T WANT TO QUIT SMOKING QUITTING SMOKING BY SEX: MALE 45.6%; FEMALE 50.9% QUITTING SMOKING (%) within age-groups (ys) education geographical regions* Chi-square test: *p  0.05

Tobacco control policies  Bans on smoking in health care institutes.  Restrictions on smoking in work places.  Bans on smoking in restaurants, cafeterias, and indoor work places.  Restrictions on smoking in outdoor public areas.  Bans on smoking in closed public places.

Attitudes toward tobacco control policies (agreement with the measures, total)

Attitudes toward tobacco control policies by age, sex, education and regions (agreement with the measures) * POLICIES AgeSexEducationRegion Bans on smoking in health care institutes. NS p<0.05NS Restrictions on smoking in work places. p<0.05 Bans on smoking in restaurants, cafeterias, and indoor work places. p<0.05 Restrictions on smoking in outdoor public areas. NS p<0.05NSp<0.05 Bans on smoking in closed public places. p<0.05 NS *Results of logistic regression analysis NS=not significant

Attitudes toward tobacco control policies and smoking status (agreement with the measures) *p  0.05

Attitudes toward tobacco control policies and quitting smoking (agreement with the measures) *p  0.05

Summary  Tobacco epidemic in Hungary Shift from stage 3 to stage 4 ?  high prevalence in males and females  higher prevalence in lower educated Quitting smoking – only geographical variations  Tobacco control policies High level of support at population level Higher support among  non-smokers  those who wanted to quit smoking  those who were uncertain about quitting smoking Implementation of tobacco control policies  Increasing the prevalence of quitting  Declining the prevalence of smoking

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