Urinary System

Body System Vocab Homeostasis- A state of balance in the body Homeostasis- A state of balance in the body (everything is A ok) Metabolism- Rate at which the body generates energy. The sum of all the bodies processes Metabolism- Rate at which the body generates energy. The sum of all the bodies processes

Urinary System – filters waste and extra fluid from the blood in the form of urine - Composed of four parts - Composed of four parts

Part 1 Part 1 Kidneys Kidneys Two bean shaped organs about the size of a fist Two bean shaped organs about the size of a fist Contain nephrons, which are tiny filtering units (filter the blood) Contain nephrons, which are tiny filtering units (filter the blood) Monitors and adjusts amount of salts and water in blood Monitors and adjusts amount of salts and water in blood

Part 2 Part 2 Ureters Ureters Two tubes that carry Two tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder Each is about 8 to 10 inches long Each is about 8 to 10 inches long

Part 3 Part 3 Bladder Bladder Hollow, muscular organ located in the pelvic cavity Hollow, muscular organ located in the pelvic cavity Stores urine Stores urine Stores about 2 cups comfortably for 2 to 5 hours Stores about 2 cups comfortably for 2 to 5 hours Part 4 Part 4 Urethra Urethra Tube that leads from the bladder to the outside of the body Tube that leads from the bladder to the outside of the body

Urinary System Video Clip Urinary System Video Clip BVg BVg BVg BVg

Diagram of Urinary System

Problems of the Urinary System 1. Cystitis – inflammation of the bladder caused by a bacterial infection 1. Cystitis – inflammation of the bladder caused by a bacterial infection 2. Urethritis- inflammation of the urethra caused by bacterial infection. 2. Urethritis- inflammation of the urethra caused by bacterial infection. Important – if you experience a burning pain during urination, increased urination, or blood in urine, you need to see a doctor ASAP! You may have these disorders! Important – if you experience a burning pain during urination, increased urination, or blood in urine, you need to see a doctor ASAP! You may have these disorders!

Kidney Problems 1. Nephritis – inflammation of nephrons in kidneys. 1. Nephritis – inflammation of nephrons in kidneys. This leads to a changed amount of urine produced. This leads to a changed amount of urine produced. 2. Kidney Stones – formed when salts in the urine crystallize into solid stones 2. Kidney Stones – formed when salts in the urine crystallize into solid stones If the stone moves into the ureter, it causes immense pain If the stone moves into the ureter, it causes immense pain Smaller stones may pass, but stones larger than 1 cm have to be broken down using shock waves Smaller stones may pass, but stones larger than 1 cm have to be broken down using shock waves Sometimes, surgery is required Sometimes, surgery is required 3. Uremia- Serious condition where the kidneys do not filter blood properly

Kidney Stone Video Clip Kidney Stone Video Clip Kidney Stone Video Clip Kidney Stone Video Clip

Kidney Failure 1. Sometimes, our kidneys do not function 1. Sometimes, our kidneys do not function 2. This can be caused by infection, decreased blood flow, or diseases that damage kidney tissue 2. This can be caused by infection, decreased blood flow, or diseases that damage kidney tissue 3. So…what do we do? How do we treat it? 3. So…what do we do? How do we treat it?

4. We can use hemodialysis or dialysis– an artificial kidney machine removes waste products from the blood 4. We can use hemodialysis or dialysis– an artificial kidney machine removes waste products from the blood Takes 3-5 hrs and is done 3-4 times per week Takes 3-5 hrs and is done 3-4 times per week YouTube - Hemodialysis machine YouTube - Hemodialysis machine YouTube - Hemodialysis machine YouTube - Hemodialysis machine 5. We can also have a kidney transplant 5. We can also have a kidney transplant Basically, an organ donor gives a healthy kidney to someone in need Basically, an organ donor gives a healthy kidney to someone in need

Prostate Cancer Prostate gland is a gland only found in males Prostate gland is a gland only found in males This type of cancer is generally found in older adult males – 50 years old This type of cancer is generally found in older adult males – 50 years old

Prostate Cancer Cancerous tumor causes prostate gland to swell Cancerous tumor causes prostate gland to swell The swelling “pinches” the urethra The swelling “pinches” the urethra This causes decreased urination in males, painful This causes decreased urination in males, painful No known causes – doctors suggest eating healthy diet and exercising. No known causes – doctors suggest eating healthy diet and exercising.

How do I keep the urinary system healthy? Drink at least 8 glasses of water a day Drink at least 8 glasses of water a day Limit your intake of caffeine and soft drinks Limit your intake of caffeine and soft drinks This can increase water loss through urine, thus dehydrating your body This can increase water loss through urine, thus dehydrating your body Take more showers than baths Take more showers than baths Eliminates the risk of bacterial infections due to contaminated water Eliminates the risk of bacterial infections due to contaminated water

How do I keep the urinary system healthy? Eat Cranberries! – chemical within cranberries helps prevent bacteria from sticking to bladder walls Eat Cranberries! – chemical within cranberries helps prevent bacteria from sticking to bladder walls This prevents bacterial infections! This prevents bacterial infections!

Be Proactive!!! 1. If you experience pain, burning, or blood during urination, you need to tell a doctor AS SOON AS POSSIBLE!!! 1. If you experience pain, burning, or blood during urination, you need to tell a doctor AS SOON AS POSSIBLE!!!

Explore CONSTRUCT THE URINARY SYSTEM CONSTRUCT THE URINARY SYSTEM You will make a model of the primary components of their urinary system. Once finished with this activity you will be able to identify the structures, their functions and order the process of the urinary system through your model. You will make a model of the primary components of their urinary system. Once finished with this activity you will be able to identify the structures, their functions and order the process of the urinary system through your model. You must correctly label and give the function for the following parts…Ureter, Kidney, Urethra, Bladder You must correctly label and give the function for the following parts…Ureter, Kidney, Urethra, Bladder

Kidney Filtration Simulation Activity Kidney Filtration Simulation Activity This lab activity that will simulate the overall function of the kidneys This lab activity that will simulate the overall function of the kidneys