Diabetes: The Modern Epidemic Roy Buchinsky, MD Director of Wellness.

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Presentation transcript:

Diabetes: The Modern Epidemic Roy Buchinsky, MD Director of Wellness

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center2 Introduction Disorder of glucose utilization. Insufficient or no insulin- Type 1- 10% Increased resistance to insulin- Type 2-90% Elevated blood sugar levels. Complications

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center3 Incidence

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center4

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center5

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center6 Type 1 Diabetes Immune system destroys pancreatic beta cells. Usually affects children and young adults. Insulin delivered via injection or pump. Risk factors includes genetic, autoimmune, or environmental.

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center7 Type 2 Diabetes Mainly occurs in adults % of all diabetes. Characterized by insulin resistance. Associated with obesity, family history, gestational diabetes, and race/ethnicity.

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center8 Diagnosis: Clinical Asymptomatic Poly-dipsia, phagia, uria, Weight loss Visual disturbance Diabetic ketoacidosis

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center9

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center10 Diagnosis: Labs 1.Fasting bg > Sxs plus random bg > Abnormal GTT - bg > hrs after load. 4.HbA1c > 6.5.

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center11 Impaired Glucose Tolerance FBG A1c million adults in USA Increased risk for development of DM. –Annual re-screening. –Intensive lifestyle intervention.

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center12 Metabolic Syndrome The Deadly Quartet Obesity Hypertension Increased blood sugar Elevated cholesterol

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center13 Treatment Type 1- insulin delivered by pump or injection. –Daily or with meals Type 2- improved eating habits, increased exercise, weight loss, oral agents.

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center14

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center15 Complications Retinopathy Cardiovascular disease Peripheral neuropathy Nephropathy Peripheral vascular disease

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center16 Prevention Increased exercise and a healthy diet. Treatment with metformin DPP- reduced risk of Type 2 DM by 58% over 3 years –Greater benefit in patients over 60.

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center17

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center18 Diet Recommendations Low glycemic index foods. 0 calorie or very low calorie drinks. Avoid sugary drinks like fruit punch and soda. Carbohydrate restriction

9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center19 Summary ↑incidence of diabetes 2 types of diabetes Prevention techniques Treatment options Complications

Thank You 9/18/2015University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center21

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