Chapter 23 lesson 1 Understanding Communicable Diseases page 628-632 and lesson 2 Common Communicable Diseases. Pages 633-637

What is another word for germs? Pathogen

What does communicable mean What does communicable mean? A disease that is spread from one living organism to another or through the environment. Other names are contagious and infectious

How are Viruses different from Bacteria?

A piece of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat Must have a host Antibiotics do not work against viruses Immune system has to destroy a virus Viruses take over other body cells by making clones of them self.

Common cold Influenza (flu) Viral pneumonia Viral hepatitis Polio Mononucleosis Measles AIDS Viral meningitis Chicken pox Herpes Rabies West Nile Virus

Bacteria

Single celled microorganisms that live almost everywhere Some are helpful, most are harmless Disease causing bacteria produce toxins. Substances that kill cells or interfere with their function Can be treated with antibiotics Food illnesses, strep throat, tuberculosis, diptheria, gonorrhea, lyme disease, bacterial pinkeye, bacterial pneumonia, bacterial meningitis

Fungus Athletes food Ring worm Vaginal yeast infections Plant like organisms than can cause diseases of lungs, mucous membranes, and the skin

Protozoa Single celled microorganisms that are larger and more complex than bacteria. Malaria Sleeping Sickness

Rickettsias Resemble bacteria Often enter body through insect bites Typhus Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Vectors Organisms that carry and transmit pathogens to humans or other animals Common vectors include: flies, mosquitos, spiders, ticks

Touching, kissing, sexual contact, biting Puncture wounds Childbirth Direct Contact Touching, kissing, sexual contact, biting Puncture wounds Childbirth Contact with infected animals

Indirect Contact Touching objects that have germs on them, such as a door knob, then you eat chips or rub your eyes Vectors Contaminated food or water

Airborne Transmission Sneezes Coughs Breathing in a closed room

Chapter 23 Lesson 2 Common Communicable Diseases pages 633-637

Respiratory tract passageway that makes breathing possible nose, throat, lungs common infections: colds, flu, tuberculosis, strep throat, pneumonia

5 ways to avoid respiratory infections Avoid close contact with sick people. Stay home if sick Wash hands often Avoid touching mouth, eyes,nose Eat right, exercise regularly Do not smoke

Yellowing of the skin and eyes Jaundice Yellowing of the skin and eyes

Cirrhosis Scarring of the liver

Single and Double Pneumonia Single = 1 lung Double = both lungs

Pneumonia Flu sometimes leads to pneumonia Infection of the lungs in which air sacs fill with pus and other fluids Can be caused by bacteria or virus Can be fatal- especially for older people and people with lung or heart problems

Common Cold Viral infection that causes inflamation of the mucous membrane, the lining of nose, ears, mouth No cure cause caused by virus Allergies have some of same symptoms, but allergies come and go and there is no fever with an allergy

Influenza Flu Viral infection of respiratory tract High fever, fatigue, headache, muscle ache,coughing Drink a lot of liquids, plenty of rest, good nutrition, once a year vaccine to prevent it

Strep Throat Bacterial infection Can be treated with antibiotics Airborn or direct contact transmission Left untreated can lead to serious damage to heart Symptoms = sore throat, swollen lymph glands in the neck, fever

Tuberculosis--TB Disease that attacks the lungs Spreads through the air Symptoms = fatigue, coughing, fever, weight loss, night sweats Treated with antibiotics

Hepatitis A,B,C Attacks the liver Causes jaundice and cirrhosis Vaccines for A and B No cure as it is caused by virus

A Enters though digestive system. Good hand washing and clean food and water prevents

B Spread through sexual contact or with an infected person’s blood To avoid do not share toothbrushes, razors Avoid body piercings, tattoos and illegal drugs

C Most common blood born infection in United States Infected by contaminated blood and sexual contact, dirty needles No vaccine or cure

Mononucleosis Virus-direct contact, kissing, sharing a drinking glass, eye make up eating utensils Symptoms = chills, fever, sore throat, fatique, swollen lymph nodes Treatment- rest

Measles Virus- spread by coughs sneezes, talking Symptoms = high fever, red eyes, runny nose, red bumpy rash, cough No treatment. Vaccine for prevention

Encephalitis Virus – carried by mosquitoes Symptoms = headache, fever, hallucinations, confusion, paralysis, disturbances of speech, memory, behavior and eye movement Treatment – anti viral medicine if caused by virus, no known treatment

Meningitis Viral, or bacterial caused Fever, severe headache, nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light, stiff neck Treatments=viral meningitis (ani-tviral meds) bacterial meningitis-antibiotics. Vaccine available

Chicken Pox Virus-spread through air or contact with fluids from blisters Symptoms=rash, itching, fever,fatigue Treatment- rest stay home so others are not infected, vaccine available