UNIT 2 LESSON 1

LEARNING OUTCOMES:  Student will gain an understanding of the role population geography plays in human geography.

POPULATION GEOGRAPHY  Population Geography: We begin to understand how the people in a given area live, how they may interact with one another, how they use the land, what pressure on resources exists, and what the future may bring (Getis et al., 2010, p. 172).  Demography: The scientific study of population, with particular emphasis on quantitative aspects (Getis et al., p. 172).

IMPLICATIONS OF POPULATION  Resource Usage  Planning Aspects  Cities  Sewage  Freshwater  Food  Economies  Political Elements

POPULATION GROWTH   Population Video (Separate)

CRUDE RATES  Crude Birth Rate (CBR): Annual number of live births per 1000 population.  Divide the number of births per year by population.  40,000 Births  2,000,000 people in current population  40,000/2,000,000 =‘s 20 per 100 CBR  Does not take into consideration those who are actually of child bearing age.  It is “crude” because it is rough and includes males, children, and everyone in the denominator.  Crude Death Rate is Calculated Same Way

TOTAL FERTILITY RATE  TFR: Tess the average number of children that would be born to each woman, if during her childbearing years, she bore children at the current year’s rate for women that age.  TFR of 3 means that the average woman in the population would be expected to have 3 offspring  TRF model accounts for the age of the women in the population  Better than Crude Birth Rate b/c it narrows down the focus  Replacement levels are needed of 2.1 to 2.3 to actually replace population

GENERALIZATIONS  Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest Live Births per 1,000  Rates less than 18 per 1000 are “low”  Lower birth rates are usually associated with more “industrialized countries”  Rates higher than 30 per 1000 are “high”  Higher birth rates are usually associated with developing, less- industrialized countries  These are usually agriculturally based nations

DEATH RATES & GENERALIZATIONS  Hard to generalize that higher death rates are in developing nations  Aging population in “Developed” nations has created higher death rates  Younger population in Less Developed nations; along with better medicine, has actually decreased death rates below the Developed World  Infant Mortality has decreased significantly world wide in the last 50 years  Maternal Mortality Rates remain high in developing nations

WHERE DO PEOPLE LIVE?  Population Density: measure of total population relative to land size (Fouberg, 2009, p. 40).  Arithmetic Population Density: (territory size/divided pop).  Physiological Population Density: # of people per unit area of agriculturally productive land. (arable land/divided by pop.)