OUTCOME BASED CURRICULUM DESIGN for GLOBAL CHALLENGES & A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE TİMUR DOĞU Vice Chair, Engineering Programs Accreditation Board MÜDEK/MAK - Turkey

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 1 OUTLINE 1.MÜDEK Briefly 2.Global Challenges and the Role of Engineers for Shaping a Sustainable Future 3.Outcome Based Curriculum Design and Accreditation

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 2 MÜDEK BRIEFLY MÜDEK (Association for Evaluation and Accreditation of Engineering Programs) A non-governmental organization operating for the purpose of contributing to the enhancement of quality of engineering education in Turkey by means of the accreditation and evaluation of engineering education programs. MÜDEK is first established in 2002.

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 3 International Recognition of MÜDEK 16 Nov 2006: Became a member of ENAEE (European Network for Accreditation of Engineering Education) 21 Jan 2009: Authorized by ENAEE to award EUR-ACE (First Cycle) Label. (MÜDEK is the 7th authorized accreditation agency in Europe) 15 June 2011: MÜDEK is accepted as a full Signatory Member to the Washington Accord of International Engineering Alliance.

4 EUR-ACE Label WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 5 MÜDEK Evaluation Criteria Criterion 1 Students Criterion 6 Faculty Members Criterion 8 Financial Resources Institutional Support PROGRAM Criterion 2 Program Educational Objectives Criterion 3 Program Outcomes Criterion 4 Continuous Improvement Criterion 7 Facilities Criterion 9 Organization Decision Making Processes Criterion 5 Curriculum Criterion 10 Discipline Specific Criteria

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 6 Outcome Based Accreditation Program outcomes: Statements defining the knowledge, skills, and attitudes that students must have acquired by the time they graduate. Outcome based accreditation requires the programs to show evidence that their graduates have acquired the minimum program outcomes specified by the accreditation agency. MÜDEK criteria for program outcomes meet the requirements of the following standards: –National Qualifications Framework for Higher Education in Turkey (NQF-HETR): Bachelor’s Engineering Programs. –EUR-ACE First Cycle Program Outcomes –Washington Accord Graduate Attributes

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 7 Most Pressing Issues Facing the Planet 1.Population growth 2.Need for renewable energy resources (*) 3.Availability of material resources (*) 4.Global climate change (*) 5.Affordable food supply (*) 6.Clean Water (*) 7.Toxic generation and dispersion (*) 8.Waste management (*) GLOBAL CHALLENGES (*) Engineering solutions are needed

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 8 Medium Term (~50 years) Economic Trends Which Will Escalate Global Challenges Accelerating growth in the developing world World population reaching to 9-10 billion 6-7 times world GDP growth over next 50 years 5-6 times existing production capacity for most commodities (steel, chemicals, etc.) 3-4 times increase in energy demand 6-7 times increase in electricity demand Carbon emissions growing from 7 GTC/yr to 26 GTC/yr Source:Siirola

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 9 Source: Andrzej Stankiewicz 6th Int.Conf. Process Intensification, 2005 IS PRESENT TECHNOLOGY SUSTAINABLE ? Only about 25 % of what goes into the pipe comes out as goods and services

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 10 To face these challenges INNOVATION oriented creative engineers are needed Curriculum and teaching strategies should be designed for more creative and innovative engineers, having leadership skills. Evaluation and accreditation of programs aim continuous improvement and encourage outcome based curriculum development for the education of more innovative engineers, who are aware of global challenges.

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 11 MÜDEK Programme Outcomes (Criterion 3) Engineering programs should demonstrate that students have developed the following attributes listed in 11 program outcomes by the time they graduate: FUNDAMENTALS A strong background in mathematics, science and engineering subjects is a must for all engineering disciplines 3.1 MÜDEK Criterion “Adequate knowledge in mathematics, science and engineering subjects pertaining to the relevant discipline; ability to use theoretical and applied information in these areas to model and solve engineering problems.”

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 12 COMPLEX ENGINEERING PROBLEMS Formulation and solution of complex engineering problems is essential for an innovative engineer trying to find solutions to global challenges. This will require a strong background on engineering fundamentals, as well as initiation and innovation. Teaching strategies in most engineering courses should be designed to achieve this outcome. 3.2 MÜDEK Criterion “Ability to identify, formulate and solve complex engineering problems; ability to select and apply proper analysis and modeling methods for this purpose.”

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 13 DESIGN Major design experience, based on the knowledge and skills acquired in earlier course work and incorporating engineering standards and realistic constraints/conditions (such as economic, environmental, ethical, social issues, sustainability, manufacturability, health and safety etc.) Design oriented open ended team work projects may also be incorporated into appropriate engineering courses. PROFITPEOPLE PLANET

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 14 DESIGN 3.3 MÜDEK Criterion for Design “Ability to design a complex system, process, device or product under realistic constraints and conditions, in such a way so as to meet the desired result; ability to apply modern design methods for this purpose. (Realistic constraints and conditions may include factors such as economic and environmental issues, sustainability, ethics, health, safety issues, and social and political issues, according to the nature of the design.)”

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 15 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES Good knowledge in using modern techniques, tools and information technologies is quite essential for awareness of and to find solutions to global engineering challenges and also for lifelong learning. This ability may be gained in number of courses through projects, homework assignments etc. 3.4 MÜDEK Criterion “Ability to devise, select, and use modern techniques and tools needed for engineering practice; ability to employ information technologies effectively.”

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 16 DESIGN AND CONDUCT EXPERIMENTS Designing and conducting experiments, as well as analysis and interpretation of data should be incorporated into the curriculum. Open-ended experimental projects conducted by teams may contribute this outcome. 3.5 MÜDEK Criterion “Ability to design and conduct experiments, gather data, analyze and interpret results for investigating engineering problems.”

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 17 MULTI-DISCIPLINARY TEAM WORK In order to be able to find engineering solutions to global challenges, collaboration of different disciplines and team work is required. Engineers should also be able to work in multicultural environment. Effective team work ability and multi-disciplinary system perspective is a required attribute. To respect the opinions of the others, contribute effectively to team work and to support team decisions are desired attributes. 3.6 MÜDEK Criterion “Ability to work efficiently in intra-disciplinary and multi disciplinary teams; ability to work individually.”

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 18 COMMUNICATION SKILL Oral presentations, project reports, undergraduate thesis work, homework reports, class discussions etc. may be encouraged in appropriate courses in the curriculum. 3.7 MÜDEK Criterion “Ability to communicate effectively in Turkish, both orally and in writing; knowledge of a minimum of one foreign language.”

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 19 LIFELONG LEARNING Engineers should demonstrate willingness to learn. The half life of scientific knowledge is considered to be less than 10 years in our age. The students should be aware of the fact that learning process should continue throughout their life. This requires that the students should first learn how to learn and where to find new information related to the developments in science and technology. 3.8 MÜDEK Criterion “Recognition of the need for lifelong learning; ability to access information, to follow developments in science and technology, and to continue to educate him/herself.”

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 20 ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITY Engineers have the responsibility to their colleagues, to the people working under their management and to the public. Importance of professional ethical rules and safety concerns should be assimilated during engineering education. 3.9 MÜDEK Criterion “Awareness of professional and ethical responsibility.”

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 21 PROJECT MANAGEMENT-INNOVATION- SUSTAINABILITY Project management, risk management are important business practices. Awareness of sustainable development should be emphasized. Curriculum and teaching strategies should be designed to highlight innovation MÜDEK Criterion “Information about business life practices such as project management, risk management, and change management; awareness of innovation, and sustainable development.”

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 22 CONTEMPORARY/GLOBAL ISSUES In order to cope with the global challenges, the engineers should acquire innovative ideas about contemporary issues and engineering practices on environment, health, safety, sustainablity etc MÜDEK Criterion “Knowledge about contemporary issues and the global and societal effects of engineering practices on health, environment, and safety; awareness of the legal consequences of engineering solutions.”

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 23 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS GEDC (Global Engineering Deans Council) WEEF 2012 Organizers METU (Middle East Technical University) MÜDEK: Thank You All

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WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 25 MÜDEK Highlights A totally independent Non-Governmental Organization Initiated and operated by volunteers from academia and industry Primary activity is accreditation of engineering programs (currently 4 year first cycle programs) Other main activities: –Selecting and training program evaluators –Providing information and training to program administrators (deans and program chairs) and academic staff on program accreditation –Reviewing and updating program accreditation criteria and procedures

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 26 MÜDEK Evaluation Criteria 1.Students 2.Programme Educational Objectives 3.Programme Outcomes 4.Continuous Improvement 5.Curriculum 6.Faculty Members 7.Facilities 8.Institutional Support and Financial Resources 9.Organization and Decision-Making Processes 10.Discipline-Specific Criteria: Outcome based criteria for 30 different engineering disciplines

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 27 Authorized Accreditation Agencies for EUR-ACE Label 1.ASIIN (DE) – Fachakkreditierungsagentur für Studiengänge der Ingenieurwissenschaften, der Informatik, der Naturwissenschaften und der Mathematik e.V. 2.CTI (FR) – Commission des Titres d'Ingénieur 3.ECUK (UK) – Engineering Council UK 4.Engineers Ireland (IE) 5.MÜDEK (TR) – Association for Evaluation and Accreditation of Engineering Programmes 6.Ordem dos Engenheiros (PT) 7.AEER (RU) – Association for Engineering Education of Russia 8.ARACIS (RO) – The Romanian Agency for Quality Assurance in Higher Education 9.QUACING (IT) – Agency for quality assurance and accreditation EUR-ACE courses of study in engineering

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 28 Signatory Members of Washington Accord 1.Australia - Engineers Australia (1989) 2.Canada - Engineers Canada (1989) 3.Chinese Taipei - Institute of Engineering Education Taiwan (2007) 4.Hong Kong China - The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers (1995) 5.Ireland - Engineers Ireland (1989) (*) 6.Japan - Japan Accreditation Board for Engineering Education (2005) 7.Korea - Accreditation Board for Engineering Education of Korea (2007) 8.Malaysia - Board of Engineers Malaysia (2009) 9.New Zealand - Institution of Professional Engineers NZ (1989) 10.Russia - Association for Engineering Education of Russia (2012) 11.Singapore - Institution of Engineers Singapore (2006) 12.South Africa - Engineering Council of South Africa (1999) 13.Turkey – MÜDEK (2011) 14.United Kingdom - Engineering Council UK (1989) 15.United States – (ABET) Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (1989)

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 29 MÜDEK Association for Evaluation and Accreditation of Engineering Programs : A brief history May 2002:Engineering Deans Council in Turkey established an independent, non-governmental platform with the name Engineering Evaluation Board (MÜDEK) for evaluation of engineering degree programmes in Turkey. Jan 2003:MÜDEK held its first workshop for program evaluator training. Aug 2003:MÜDEK started its first program evaluation activities. Jan 2007:MÜDEK became a legal entity in the form of an association: Changed its name to Association for Evaluation and Accreditation of Engineering Programs (Mühendislik Egitim Programlari Degerlendirme ve Akreditasyon Dernegi) while retaining the original acronym “MÜDEK” as its short name.

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 30 MÜDEK Accreditation Process Highlights Application for accreditation is voluntary MÜDEK charges a fee for each program it evaluates Accreditation process, criteria and procedures are pre-defined and publicly available from Starts with a self-assessment report from the HEI for each program to be accredited External assessment by ad-hoc evaluation teams Includes 3 day visit to the HEI MÜDEK takes accreditation action; sends the decision results and the evaluation report to the HEI Requires periodic re-evaluation (maximum 5 years) Shorter (2 year) interim evaluations as required HEI’s can appeal to MÜDEK and request re-evaluations and re-visits

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WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 32 CHALLENGES FOR SUSTAINABLE PROCESSES & PRODUCTS PROCESSES LESS Energy Waste Risk Cost Materials MORE Environmentally Friendly Knowledge Based Recycleable Targeted & Tailored Cheap PRODUCTS

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 33 Major Responsibility of Engineers of Our Age Facing today’s global challenges to find innovative solutions & to shape a sustainable future While meeting the needs of present, we should not compromise the ability of future generations. What are the skills, competencies and experiences that todays engineering students should develop during their education, in order to work effectively and to create new opportunities from global challenges?

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 34 [1] Olah, G.A., Goeppert A., Prakash G.K.S., Beyond Oil and Gas: The Methanol Economy, Wiley VCH (2006) [2] Song, C., Catalysis Today (2006), 115, ■ World Energy Consumption (10 15 Watt-Hours) ■ CO 2 Emission 10 8 Tons of Carbon Equivalent/Year WORLD ENERGY USE DURING LAST FOUR DECADES

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WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 36 Material & Energy Efficiency Incorporate all starting materials into a product Wasted reagents are wasted money: loss of money due to loss of feedstock loss of money due to waste disposal WASTE IN VARIOUS CHEMICAL INDUSTRY Beach et al., Energy & Env. Sci., 2, 1038, SectorProduction tons/year E-factor: kg waste/kg product Oil refining <0.1 Bulk chemicals <1-5 Fine chemicals Pharmaceuticals

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina Year Global Energy Demand New electricity capacity – 5000 GW –One new world-scale 1000 MW power plant every three days –Or 1000 square miles new solar cells per year Clean water for 9 billion people Carbon emissions growing from 7 GTC/yr to 26 GTC/yr –More, if methane exhausted –More, if synthetic fuels are derived from coal or biomass

WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina 38 World Population Growth

Natural Formation of Petroleum 150 millions years Depletion 100 years PETROLEUM A SOURCE OF ENERGY AND CHEMICALS WEEF 2012 – GEDC Global Engineering Deans Council October 16, 2012, Buenos Aires, Argentina