Gender Budgets in a Human- Development approach ISTAT, Global Forum on Gender Statistics Rome Dec. 10, 2007 Antonella Picchio University of Modena and Reggio Emilia

Women as subject of vision women are not a socia question but a subject of vision and knowledge that acts in the public sphere, shaping social systems, drawing analytical frameworks and developing new tools. women are not a socia question but a subject of vision and knowledge that acts in the public sphere, shaping social systems, drawing analytical frameworks and developing new tools. There are two ways of engendering the budgets: 1. Looking at women in a given framework 2. Looking at the framework from a womens perspective The second includes the firtst but it goes beyond it in order to disclose hidden aspects that are crucial for women and also for the sustainability of the whole social system.

Local Governments Budgets A Budget is a comprehensive account of public expenditures and revenues. Highly political document that assesses a distribution of resources, works (paid and unpaid), responsibilities, powers. Inherent tensions often hidden by language obscurity It provides a general framework of public policy and allows for a higher level of gender mainstreaming The new mainstreaming challenge is to engender the analytical framework: i.e. the value system, the micro and macro analysis, policy and measures.

What we see? Male and female individuals, embedded and interactive in a social context (bodies, minds, social and personal relations) Market and non-market economy Institutional network: family, state and firms Distribution of resources, works (paid and unpaid) and responsibilities (of caring for ones self and others). Public and private spheres Choosing ground and focus: the living process of real people

THE ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Local governments have historically taken responsibility towards the well-being of men and women who live and relate in a given territory The political and social history of their responsibilities and negotiations on well-being marks their administrative structure (i.e.: department of health, transport, education, social security, equal opportunity, etc) They share responsibility with other institutions and individuals

Gender budgets in a human development approach Well-being as a list of capabilities and functionings (doings and beings) according to Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum approach Drawing the list from the political and administrative structure of a specific Local Government Building the matrix of departments and capabilities i.e.: shifting from the usual accounts based on the mere allocation of means to accounts that reflect the well-being ends. A form of public accounting that refers directly to the well-being of residents

ITALIAN EXPERIENCES Emilia-Romagna Region (2003) Lazio Region ( ) Piemonte Region (2007) Modena Provincial District ( ) Bologna Provincial District ( ) Rome Provincial District (2007) Others to be collected

EX.:LIST OF MODENA Provincial District DEPARTMENTS 1.EDUCATION 2.ENVIROMENT 3.TRANSPORTS 4.AGRICOLTURE 5.PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES, HUMAN RESOURCES AND EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES 6.TURISM, CULTURE AND SPORTS 7.TERRITORIAL PLANNING 8.LABOUR AND WELFARE 9.BUDGET AND INSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

LIST OF CAPABILITIES chosen (agreed) for the Modena Provincial District 1.KNOWING AND BEING TRAINED 2.LIVING IN ADEQUATE AND SECURE HOUSING 3.ACCESSING RESOURCES 4.MOVING IN THE TERRITORY 5.LIVING A HEALTHY LIFE 6.ENJOYING BEAUTY 7.CARING FOR ONES SELF AND OTHERS 8.BEING INFORMED

CAPABILITIES KNOWI NG LIVING ADEQ. HOUS. MOVIN G BEI NG SEC URE ACC ESSI NG RES BEI NG HE ALT CARECARE ENJO YING BEA UTY BEIN G INFO RME DEPARTMENS 1.EDUCATION X X X X XX X X 2. ENVIROMENT X X X X XX X X 3. TRANSPORTS X X X X XXX X X 4. AGRICOLTURE X X X XX X X 5. PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES, HUM. RES., EQ.OP. X X X X X X X X X 6. TURISM, CULTURE &SPORT X X X X X X X X 7. TERRITORIAL PLANNING X X X X X X X X X 8. LABOUR & WELFARE X X X X X X X X X 9. BUDGET & INSTIT. AFFAIRS X X X MATRIX OF DEPARTMENTS AND CAPABILITIES MODENA PROVINCIAL DISTRICT

Caring for the others Caring for ones self Having free time MinorsElderly WELL-BEING Women and men Being educated Being healthy Accessing monetary resources Use of time Adults Moving in territory

WOMEN AND MEN EQUAL IN WHAT? Paid and unpaid work Incomes Public resources Well-being as list of capabilities and functionings Freedom of composing their lives Example: living in adequate and secure housing (income, housework, accidents, domestic violence,...) highly gendered

Context analysis using data on: labour, time use, life cycle, relational networks, sustainability of social processes, adequacy of services and incomes, etc.; to get a picture of living conditions of women & men Reading of different budgets documents searching for objectives and resourses allocated Interviews and meetings with member of the political and administrative apparatus Participatory process (inside and outside the Administration) on the list of capabilities, i.e. on individual and collective well-being as a public issue Matrix of departments and capabilities filled with specific policies and monetary resources. Specific indicators used to evaluate the gender policy impact Case studies according to department or to capability to disclose connections and inter-departments cooperation in the well-being space HOW TO DO IT?

SIMBOLIC RESULTS Public accounts made more consistent with the well-being objectives declared in the budgets introductory documents Public accounts made more consistent with the well-being objectives declared in the budgets introductory documents Social capital as the process that enables women and men to live, work and relate Social capital as the process that enables women and men to live, work and relate Well-being of women and men as ground for a participatory process of evaluation of public policy Well-being of women and men as ground for a participatory process of evaluation of public policy Potential bottom-up evaluation of public policy on the basis of individual and collective experience of a good life. Potential bottom-up evaluation of public policy on the basis of individual and collective experience of a good life.