Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center LOCAL/REGIONAL ANESTHESIA SFC Shrader.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Antiarrhythmic Agents: Cardiac Stimulants and Depressants
Advertisements

Lecture 4.
Narcotic agonist/narcotic analgesic. Mechanism of Action: Alleviates pain by acting on the pain receptors in the brain; elevates pain threshold. Depresses.
PTP 546 Module 15 Pharmacology of Anesthetics Jayne Hansche Lobert, MS, RN, ACNS-BC, NP 1Lobert.
PHL. 322 Lab #6 Presented by Mohammed Alyami Teaching assistant Department of pharmacology & Toxicology College of pharmacy KSU.
Local & General Anesthetics Ch 11. General Anesthesia Alters responses of the Central Nervous system Causes one or more of the following Pain relief Muscle.
Pharmacology-1 PHL 211 2nd Term 1st Lecture Local Anesthetics I By Abdelkader Ashour, Ph.D. Phone:
LAST: PREVENTION AND TREATMENT
Procedural Sedation Pharmacology Deb Updegraff R.N., P.N.P, C.N.S. Clinical Nurse Specialist LPCH Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.
Mosby items and derived items © 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Chapter 11 Antianxiety Agents.
Mosby items and derived items © 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Chapter 12 General Anesthetics.
Dr.H-Kayalha Anesthesilogist Successful selection of drug for epidural anesthesia requires an understanding of the local anesthetic's potency and duration,
Mosby items and derived items © 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Chapter 10 Local Anesthetics.
Lecture Title Lecture Title : Regional Anaesthesia Techniques Lecturer name: Lecturer name: DR. FATMA AL-DAMMAS ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DEPT OF ANAESTHESIA.
Anaesthesia Emily Matthews
Pain Medications and Muscle Relaxers ESAT 4001 Pharmacology in Athletic Training.
Analgesia and Anesthesia in Obstetrics ASIS.PROF.MOHAMMED AL-KHATIM
Local Anesthetics Ed Bilsky, Ph.D. Department of Pharmacology University of New England.
Members of the Surgical Team Surgeon Surgical assistant Anesthesiologist Certified registered nurse anesthetist Holding area nurse Circulating nurse Scrub.
REGIONAL ANALGESIA AND ANAESTHESIA DEPT OF ANAESTHESIA AND ICU COLLEGE OF MEDICINE KING SAUD UNIVERSITY.
Local Anesthetic Toxicity Chuck Magich, MS, CRNA Staff Nurse Anesthetist R Adams Cowley, Shock Trauma Center Baltimore, MD October 2013.
Sedation, Analgesia and Paralytics in the ICU
SPM 200 Clinical Skills Lab 4 Local Anesthesia / Digital Block Daryl P. Lofaso, M.Ed, RRT.
Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center Administer Parenteral General Anesthesia INSTRUCTOR SFC HILL.
LOCAL ANESTHETICS AND REGIONAL ANESTHESIA. Local Anesthetics- History cocaine isolated from erythroxylum coca Koller uses cocaine for topical.
General Anesthesia Dr. Israa.
Local Anesthetics Shane Milu March, 27, Local Anesthetic A drug that reversibly inhibits the propagation of signals along nerve pathways in a specific.
Local Anesthetic DR. ISRAA. Local Anesthetic A local anesthetic is an agent that interrupts pain impulses in a specific region of the body without a loss.
Local Anesthetic A local anesthetic is an agent that interrupts pain impulses in a specific region of the body without a loss of patient consciousness.
© 1999 Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corporation CA128 NERVE AGENT EXPOSURE.
Local Anesthetics Department of Pharmacology Zhang Yan-mei.
Local Anesthetics P. Orzylowski 6/03/2014. Naturally occurring Tetrodotoxin Saxitoxin Menthol Eugenol (cloves)
Narcotic agonist/narcotic analgesic. Mechanism of Action: Alleviates pain by acting on the pain receptors in the brain; elevates pain threshold. Depresses.
Local anesthetics Drug produce reversible conduction block of neural impulses transmission of autonomic, sensory and motor neural impulses.
Nervous System Tayler Logue. The Nervous System  The master controlling and communicating system in the body Functions: o Sensory Input – monitoring.
Local Anesthesia Local anesthesia are drugs that block nerve conduction when applied locally to nerve tissue in appropriate concentrations. They act on.
Chapter 15 Local Anesthetics
NERVOUS SYSTEM Sydney Hirrschoff. NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTION The nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal cord, sensory organs, and all of the nerves.
Drug Interactions Critical to understand potential drug interactions, given the practice of ‘balanced anesthesia’ and the multiple drugs used to achieve.
Medical-Surgical Nursing: An Integrated Approach, 2E Chapter 15
Nervous System SARAH MITTAN. Central & Peripheral Nervous system  CNS is responsible for integrating sensory information and responding accordingly 
Soft Tissue Workshop Local Anesthetics and Regional Anesthesia of the Head and Neck.
ANAESTHESIA Professor / AMIR SALAH. GENERAL – REGIONAL – LOCAL ANAESTHESIA.
Local Anesthetic A local anesthetic is an agent that interrupts pain impulses in a specific region of the body without a loss of patient consciousness.
Epidural Anaesthesia.
Introduction to anaesthesia
Oral surgery Oral surgery Local anesthesia Local anesthesia.
A.Local anesthesia (analgesia): giving to the animals by the following ways: 1)Topical (surface) application of local anesthesia. 2)Splash block. 3)Intra-articular.
Lab 4. Local anesthetics Local anesthetics: drugs used to produce transient and reversible loss of sensation in a circumscribed area of the body, interfering.
Click on a lesson name to select. Chapter 33 Nervous System Section 1: Structure of the Nervous System Section 2: Organization of the Nervous System.
Interventions for Intraoperative Clients Care. Members of the Surgical Team Surgeon Surgeon Surgical assistant Surgical assistant Anesthesiologist Anesthesiologist.
mod 2 Anesthesia Anesthesia means loss of sensation and reflex response by using an agent which depress the activity of the nervous system either locally.
LOCAL ANESTHETICS AND REGIONAL ANESTHESIA
Assist. Prof.Surirat Sriswasdi Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University 12 October 2005.
LOCAL ANAESTHESIA.
Local anesthetic systemic toxicity ( LAST)
General Anesthesia.
Pharmacology-1 PHL 211 2nd Term 2nd Lecture By Abdelkader Ashour, Ph.D. Phone:
Local Anesthetics.
Munir Ghatraibeh, MD, PhD, MHPE. July, 2015
Pharmacodynamics: Pharmacological actions:
School of Pharmacy, University of Nizwa
LOCAL ANESTHETICS Dr .Rupak Bhattarai.
Drugs Affecting the Central Nervous System
LOCAL/REGIONAL ANESTHESIA
Analgesia.
Anesthesia concepts and considerations
Arrhythmias Simple-dysfunction cause abnormalities in impulse formation and conduction in the myocardium. However, in clinic it present as a complex family.
Vasectomy (Male Sterilization) Session VI: Emergency Preparedness
Chaper 20 Adrenoceptor Antagonists
Presentation transcript:

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center LOCAL/REGIONAL ANESTHESIA SFC Shrader

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center Advantages/Disadvantages of Regional and Local Anesthesia.

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center advantages patient remains conscious maintain his own airway aspiration of gastric contents unlikely smooth recovery requiring less skilled nursing care as compared to general anesthesia

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center advantages postoperative analgesia reduction in surgical stress earlier discharge for outpatients less expense

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center Disadvantages: patient may prefer to be asleep practice and skill is required for the best results some blocks require up to 30 minutes or more to be fully effective analgesia may not always be totally effective-patient may require additional analgesics, IV sedation, or a light general anesthetic

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center Disadvantages: toxicity may occur if the local anesthetic is given intravenously or if an overdose is injected some operations are unsuitable for local anesthetics, e.g., thoracotomies

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center Mechanism of Action of Local Anesthetics produce a blockade of nerve impulse by preventing increases in permeability of nerve membranes to Na ions, slowing the rate of depolarization interact directly with specific receptors on the sodium channel, inhibiting sodium influx do not alter the resting membrane resting potential or threshold potential

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center Selection of Local/Regional Anesthetics specific nerves to be blocked onset time or latency required duration of effect

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center Systemic Toxicity of Local Anesthetics Drugs-not a great difference in toxicity between equally potent local anesthetics-one of low toxicity when a large dose is required Site of injection-vascular sites lead to rapid absorption – accidental I.V. injection is the most common cause of toxicity

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center Systemic Toxicity of Local Anesthetics Addition of Epinephrine-causes local vasoconstriction and slows absorption Follow recommended dose

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center Signs and Symptoms of Local/Regional Anesthesia Toxicity CNS CV

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center Signs/symptoms of central nervous system (CNS) toxicity-- CNS toxicity will be enhanced by acidosis and hypoxia, both of which can occur very rapidly if convulsions appear (when breathing may stop and the excessive muscular activity consumes oxygen stores)

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center S/S CNS Toxicity Unconsciousness Generalized convulsions Coma Apnea Numbness of the mouth and tongue, metal taste in the mouth

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center S/S CNS Toxicity Light-headedness Tinnitus Visual disturbance Muscle twitching Irrational behavior and speech

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center Cardiovascular toxicity slowing of the conduction in the myocardium myocardial depression peripheral vasodilatation usually seen after 2 to 4 times the convulsant dose has been injected

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center Prevention and Treatment of Local/Regional Anesthesia Toxicity

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center prevention Always use the recommended dose Aspirate through the needle or catheter before injecting the local anesthetic. Intravascular injection can have catastrophic results. If a large quantity of a drug is required, use a drug of low toxicity and divide the dose into small increments, increasing the total injection time always inject slowly (<10 ml/min) and communicate with the pt

Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center treatment All necessary equipment to perform resuscitation, induction, and intubation should be on hand before injection of local/regional anesthetics Manage airway and give oxygen Stop convulsions if they continue for more than 15 to 20 seconds – Thiopental 100 mg to 150 mg IV – or Diazepam 5 mg to 20 mg IV