Chapter Outline Chapter 35: Asia Since 1945 ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present I. The People’s Republic of China, and Other Chinese Countries II. Japan: From Defeat to Dominance to Doubt III. Korea: A Nation Divided IV. Southeast Asia V. The Subcontinent

Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Chapter 35: Asia Since 1945 ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. I. The People’s Republic of China & Other Chinese Countries A. The Communist Victory Guomindang (Nationalist) government Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kaishek) Communists Mao Zedong 1949: defeat of Nationalists October 1, 1949: People’s Republic of China B. Mao’s Government Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Central Committee Politburo Collectivization “Hundred Flowers” against corruption Great Leap Forward, 1958 rural development leads to malnutrition, death failure leads to new leadership Liu Shaoqi Zhou Enlai

Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Chapter 35: Asia Since 1945 ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. I. The People’s Republic of China & Other Chinese Countries C. The Cultural Revolution and International Recognition Red Guards against old ideas, art Liu Shaoqi imprisoned Zhou Enlai ( ) D. Deng Xiaoping’s Pragmatic Reforms 1976, death of Mao and Zhou Gang of Four Jiang Qing, Mao’s widow trial Deng Xiaoping Hu Yaobang, Zhao Ziyang Four Modernizations May 4, 1989, Tiananmen Square Li Peng, Prime Minister crackdown Zhao Ziyang out Jiang Zemin E. China in the 1990s and Beyond Hu Zintao, 2002 Hong Kong 1984, Great Britain's lease ends Taiwan Guomindang since , Independent party in Singapore People’s Action Party

Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Chapter 35: Asia Since 1945 ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. II. Japan: From Defeat to Dominance to Doubt A. Postwar Japan Occupation Tojo Hideki executed Civil rights for women vote 1946 B. Political and Social Change Liberal Democratic Party, 1995 Junichiro Koisumi C. Economic Dominance and Doubt Japan, 2004

Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Chapter 35: Asia Since 1945 ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. III. KOREA: A NATION DIVIDED A. The Politics of Decolonization, Occupation, and Division Invaded by Japan, Yô Un-hyông Committee for the Preparation of Korean Independence (CPKI) Korean People’s Republic U.S., Soviets: divide Korea at 38th parallel Syngman Rhee, president, August 1948 Kim Il Sung, Premier of Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) Start of War: June 25, 1950 Armistice signed, July 1953 B. North Korea Kim family, since 1948 General Kim Il Sung ( ) Kim Chong-Il since 1994 B. North Korea Kim family, since 1948 General Kim Il Sung ( ) Kim Chong-Il, since 1994 C. South Korea Park Chung, Chun Doo Hwan Korea, 2004

Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Chapter 35: Asia Since 1945 ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. IV. SOUTHEAST ASIA A. Indonesia Independence Netherlands, 1949, 87% Muslim, Achmed Sukarno T.N.J. Suharto B. Malaysia Complex racial mix: Malays, Muslims, Buddhist Chinese, Hindu Indians C. Indochina: Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar Vietnam Laos Cambodia (Kampuchea) Khmer Rouge, Pol Pot, Norodam Sihanouk D. Philippines Ferdinand Marcos Southeast Asia, 2004

Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Chapter 35: Asia Since 1945 ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. V. THE SUBCONTINENT A. Partition Muhammad Ali Jinnah East and West B. India: The Largest Democracy Jawaharlal Nehru Nasser, Non-aligned Nations Movement Indira Gandhi Tamils in Sri Lanka Sikhs in Punjab assassinate Gandhi, 1984 Rajiv Gandhi, assassinated, 1991 Prime Minister P.V. Narasimhia Rao Bharatiya Janata party (BJP), Hindu nationalist party The Subcontinent, 2004

Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Chapter 35: Asia Since 1945 ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. V. THE SUBCONTINENT C. Pakistan East Pakistan > Bangladesh, 1972 Zulkifar Ali Bhutto Benazir Bhutto D. The Pakistan-Afghanistan Connection 1979, Soviet Osama bin Laden, al-Qaeda 1988, civil war in Afghanistan Taliban, late 1990s allied with Osama bin Laden World Trade Center, Pentagon attacked 2001, Indian parliament threatened The Subcontinent, 2004