RESOURCEs & Environment Ch. 2. Minerals & rocks

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Presentation transcript:

RESOURCEs & Environment Ch. 2. Minerals & rocks Granite of Inwang Mountain http://kr.blog.yahoo.com/jjagida/1176844

2-1. Minerals 2-1-1. How does the mineral form? Definition of Minerals Abiogenic Naturally occurring Fixed (or given) chemical formula Ordered structure (atomic arrangement) Solid

Mineral Formation Crystallization from melts (magma) Metamorphic crystallization Precipitation from water (or water vapour) Biogenic productions Other chemical reactions

2-1-2. Mineral Classes Silicates: SiO4 tetrahedron + other cations & anions (Orthoclase, pyroxenes, amphiboles) Nonsilicates Oxides: Fe2O3 (hematite) Hydroxides: Gibbsite (Al(OH)3) Sulfates: Gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O) Carbonates: Calcite (CaCO3) Phosphates: Apatite (Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)) Halides: Halite (NaCl) Sulfides: Pyrite (FeS2) Natural Elements: Gold (Au) etc

Orthoclase. Minas Gerais, Southeast Region, Brazil http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:OrthoclaseBresil.jpg

Diopside. Bellecombe, Châtillon, Aosta Valley, Italy http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Diopside_Aoste.jpg

Tremolite. Campolungo, Piumogna Valley, Leventina, Ticino (Tessin), Switzerland http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tremolite_Campolungo.jpg

Hematite. Michigan, USA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hematite.jpg

Gibbsite. Brazil http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gibbsite

Gypsum. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gypsum

Calcite. National Museum of Natural History in Washington, DC http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Calcite-HUGE.jpg

Apatite. Quebec, Canada http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Apatite_crystals.jpg

Halite. Wieliczka Salt Mine, UNESCO World Heritage Site, Wieliczka, Małopolskie, Poland http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Selpologne.jpg

Pyrite. Navajún, Rioja, Spain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2780M-pyrite1.jpg

Gold. Navajún, Synthetic http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold

2-1-3. Mineral Usages Industrial Metal, Plating & Smelting – All the metals Paper – Calcite, talc Glassware & Ceramics – Quartz, feldspars Chemical – Metals and nonmetals Automobile & other transportation – Mineral fibres & others Agricultural Fertilizers – Apatite and others Environmental Remediation/Protection – Clay minerals, oxides, gypsum etc. Home Detergent - Zeolites Cosmetics – Talc, mica Tiles & bricks – Clay minerals, feldspars Jewlery

Rare Earth Element Minerals http://minesmagazine.com/1737/

Everyday Uses of Rocks and Minerals http://natural-history.uoregon.edu/everydayuses-shelf03

http://arizonaexperience.org/land/rock-products-building-arizona

http://www.lankagembureau.lk/Gemstones-for-Month-of-Birth.php