Conflicts in the Middle East A History of the Arab-Israeli Conflict

Zionism (1890s) Causes European Jews wanted a homeland Effects Jews begin to move to Palestine to live (Ancient Home before Diaspora)

Arab Nationalism (1900s) Causes Ottoman Empire began to weaken Effects Arabs were anxious to establish their own country

Balfour Declaration (1917) Causes Jews want a homeland Palestinians feared more Jews Effects Britain promises partition of the country

Holocaust (1940s) Causes Nazis attacked and murdered millions of European Jews Effects Jews wanted a homeland to feel protected and form a nation

Creation of Israel (1948) Causes UN supported plan to partition Palestine Effects Six Arab states attack the next day- Israel captures land

Second Arab-Israeli War (1956) Causes Egypt seizes and nationalizes the Suez Canal Effects World community pressures Israel to withdraw from Egypt

PLO Founded (1964) Causes Arabs believe state of Israel needs to be destroyed Effects Promote terrorist acts against the Jewish state

Six-Day War (1967) Causes Egypt closes off Gulf of Aqaba (outlet to the Red Sea) Effects Israel captures Jerusalem, Sinai Peninsula, Golan Heights, and West Bank

Yom Kippur War (1973) Causes Surprise attack by Arabs Effects Israel launches counter-attack to regain lost territory

Camp David Accords ( ) Causes Peace for land Effects Peace between Egypt and Israel- Sadat is assassinated Israel recognized as state

Warfare in Lebanon ( ) Causes Israel drives PLO out into neighboring Lebanon Effects Lebanese Christian militia fighters kill Palestinian refugees

Intifada (1987) Causes Palestinians were frustrated with Israeli rule and actions in the ME Effects Boycotts, riots, demonstrations in Israel by Palestinians