How have prosthetics progressed into what they are today? How it works

Sources I used: Medical Websites NC Live Google Scholar

Break it down Prosthetics Anatomy (show complexity) Amputees Two Focus points Prosthetic progression Changing lives

First signs of prosthetics were with the Egyptians EMG (Electromyography) Tissue engineering Affects two million amputees

One of the first prosthetics ever! An EMG doing its job taking input in.

Like amputees now Egyptians wanted to be whole Design is simple: wooden toe in a holster on foot How fascinating!

Hardest part was organization of facts Became easier to write as I got into the topic Favorite part Someone reading my paper and saying “I didn't know that!”

Had a lot of ideas NXT mind-storms were my final choice Mentor: Mr. Ebright He knows the engineering process This is a picture of a page from my beginning journal

Research Built Program This is me writing in my journal. This is what I was writing.

RobotC Mind-storm kit Internet Computer gaming controller

This was one of my early programming fails.

This is the reason I can even control my robot with a gamming controller.

I learned how to motivate myself Worked around procrastination & organization issues Ties in with my paper Uses past and present tech./design Problem solving with my mentor

Two more years of college Go into creative fields

 "About the Hand, Anatomy | Houston Hand Specialist, Orthopedic Surgeon." Houston Orthopedic Surgeon. Dr. Evan Collins. Web. 19 Apr  Anthony J. Delrossi, et al. "A Novel Technique in a Sheep Model For Evaluating Prosthetic Heart Valve Performance." Journal of Investigative Surgery 14.1 (2001): Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 Mar  Charles Kambe, et al. "Using Virtual Reality Environment To Facilitate Training With Advanced Upper-Limb Prosthesis." Journal Of Rehabilitation Research & Development 48.6 (2011): Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 Mar

 Clements, Isaac Perry. "How Prosthetic Limbs Work." HowStuffWorks. HowStuffWorks, Inc. Web. 19 Apr  ---. "How Amputation Works." HowStuffWorks. HowStuffWorks, Inc. Web. 19 Apr  "EMG (electromyogram)." MedicineNet. MedicineNet. Web. 08 May  Galbraith, David. "15 Vintage Prosthetic Limbs." Oobject. Oobject, n.d. Web. 4 June  "Hand Anatomy." Eorthopod.com. Orthopod. Web. 19 Apr  Katz, J. Lawrence. "Biomaterials in the 21st century?." Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development Oct. 1995: Vii. Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 Mar  ---. "Biomaterials In The 21St Century Revisited!." Journal Of Rehabilitation Research & Development 35.2 (1998): 161. Academic Search Complete. Web. 26 Mar

 Lee, Amanda. "The Evolution of the Prosthetic Limb." Comfort Prosthetics and Orthotics. C-Ray Media, Inc., 1 May Web. 04 June  "New Prosthetic Hand Has Grip Function Almost Like A Natural Hand: Each Finger Moves Separately." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 22 Apr Web. 19 Apr  Norton, Kim M. "A Brief History of Prosthetics." InMotion:. Amputee Coalition, Nov.-Dec Web. 3 June  "O&P Trends & Statistics.".opcareers.org. American Academy of Orthotists and Prosthetists. Web.  "Open Prosthetics Project Wiki." Wikispaces. Wikispaces, 07 Oct Web. 12 Apr

 Parker, Dave. "NXT Robot Arm." NXT Robot Arm. Nxtprograms.com, Web. 04 June  "Physiotherapy in Vancouver for Hand." Physiotherapy in Vancouver : CITY SQUARE Physiotherapy :. City Square Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation. Web. 22 Apr  "Process for the Preparation of Hard Tissue Prosthetics." Google. Google, 28 Apr Web. 27 Mar  "RobotC a C Programing Language for Robotics." ROBOTC.net. Robomatter, Inc, Web. 04 Dec  "Routine EMG." REEM. REEM, n.d. Web. 6 Dec  Sagbas, B., and M. Numan Durakbasa. "Measurement Of Wear In Orthopedic Prosthesis." Acta Physica Polonica, A (2012): Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 Mar  Scheme, Erik, and Kevin Englehart. "Electromyogram Pattern Recognition For Control Of Powered Upper-Limb Prostheses: State Of The Art And Challenges For Clinical Use." Journal Of Rehabilitation Research & Development 48.6 (2011): Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 Mar  "The Muscles and Fasciæ of the Hand." Bartleby.com. Yahoo! Web. 19 Apr. 2012

 By Samantha Henry  December 2012

How have prosthetics progressed into what they are today? How it works Research time!

Sources I used: Medical Websites NC Live Google Scholar

Break it down Prosthetics Anatomy (show complexity) Amputees Two Focus points Prosthetic progression Changing lives

First signs of prosthetics were with the Egyptians EMG (Electromyography) Tissue engineering Affects two million amputees

One of the first prosthetics ever! An EMG doing its job taking input in.

Like amputees now Egyptians wanted to be whole Design is simple: wooden toe in a holster on foot How fascinating!

Hardest part was organization of facts Became easier to write as I got into the topic Favorite part: Someone reading my paper and saying “I didn't know that!”

Had a lot of ideas NXT mind-storms were my final choice Mentor: Mr. Ebright He knows the engineering process This is a picture of a page from my beginning journal

Research Built Program This is me writing in my journal. This is what I was writing.

RobotC Mind-storm kit Internet Computer gaming controller

This was one of my early programming fails.

This is the reason I can even control my robot with a gamming controller.

I learned how to motivate myself Worked around procrastination & organization issues Ties in with my paper Uses past and present tech./design Problem solving with my mentor

Two more years of college Go into fields of Cooking Teaching Interior design

 "About the Hand, Anatomy | Houston Hand Specialist, Orthopedic Surgeon." Houston Orthopedic Surgeon. Dr. Evan Collins. Web. 19 Apr  Anthony J. Delrossi, et al. "A Novel Technique in a Sheep Model For Evaluating Prosthetic Heart Valve Performance." Journal of Investigative Surgery 14.1 (2001): Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 Mar  Charles Kambe, et al. "Using Virtual Reality Environment To Facilitate Training With Advanced Upper-Limb Prosthesis." Journal Of Rehabilitation Research & Development 48.6 (2011): Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 Mar

 Clements, Isaac Perry. "How Prosthetic Limbs Work." HowStuffWorks. HowStuffWorks, Inc. Web. 19 Apr  ---. "How Amputation Works." HowStuffWorks. HowStuffWorks, Inc. Web. 19 Apr  "EMG (electromyogram)." MedicineNet. MedicineNet. Web. 08 May  Galbraith, David. "15 Vintage Prosthetic Limbs." Oobject. Oobject, n.d. Web. 4 June  "Hand Anatomy." Eorthopod.com. Orthopod. Web. 19 Apr  Katz, J. Lawrence. "Biomaterials in the 21st century?." Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development Oct. 1995: Vii. Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 Mar  ---. "Biomaterials In The 21St Century Revisited!." Journal Of Rehabilitation Research & Development 35.2 (1998): 161. Academic Search Complete. Web. 26 Mar

 Lee, Amanda. "The Evolution of the Prosthetic Limb." Comfort Prosthetics and Orthotics. C-Ray Media, Inc., 1 May Web. 04 June  "New Prosthetic Hand Has Grip Function Almost Like A Natural Hand: Each Finger Moves Separately." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 22 Apr Web. 19 Apr  Norton, Kim M. "A Brief History of Prosthetics." InMotion:. Amputee Coalition, Nov.-Dec Web. 3 June  "O&P Trends & Statistics.".opcareers.org. American Academy of Orthotists and Prosthetists. Web.  "Open Prosthetics Project Wiki." Wikispaces. Wikispaces, 07 Oct Web. 12 Apr

 Parker, Dave. "NXT Robot Arm." NXT Robot Arm. Nxtprograms.com, Web. 04 June  "Physiotherapy in Vancouver for Hand." Physiotherapy in Vancouver : CITY SQUARE Physiotherapy :. City Square Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation. Web. 22 Apr  "Process for the Preparation of Hard Tissue Prosthetics." Google. Google, 28 Apr Web. 27 Mar  "RobotC a C Programing Language for Robotics." ROBOTC.net. Robomatter, Inc, Web. 04 Dec  "Routine EMG." REEM. REEM, n.d. Web. 6 Dec  Sagbas, B., and M. Numan Durakbasa. "Measurement Of Wear In Orthopedic Prosthesis." Acta Physica Polonica, A (2012): Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 Mar  Scheme, Erik, and Kevin Englehart. "Electromyogram Pattern Recognition For Control Of Powered Upper-Limb Prostheses: State Of The Art And Challenges For Clinical Use." Journal Of Rehabilitation Research & Development 48.6 (2011): Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 Mar  "The Muscles and Fasciæ of the Hand." Bartleby.com. Yahoo! Web. 19 Apr. 2012