Today’s Lecture Summary: Microscopes A Tour of the Cell.

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Presentation transcript:

Today’s Lecture Summary: Microscopes A Tour of the Cell

Reading Assignment: Chapter 4

Learning Outcomes: By the end of today’s lecture, you should be able to: Recognize the different kinds of images seen through different microscopes Identify the major parts and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

How we study cells: Light microscope (LM) Dissecting Microscope Transmission electron microscope (TEM) Scanning electron microscope (SEM)

Magnification: - the ratio of an object’s image to its real size (e.g. 40X, 100X) Resolving power: - the measure of the clarity of an image - the minimum distance two points can be separated and still be distinguished as being separate

Light/Compound Microscope: - uses light to magnify an object - gives a 2-D image - the different images are based on the various staining techniques used

Dissecting Microscope: - uses light to magnify an object - gives a 3-D image

Electron microscopes:  specimen preparation kills the cells  have a higher resolution than LM TEM:SEM: 2-D images3-D images

1 cm = 1/100m 1mm = 1/1000m 1μm = 1 micrometer = 1 millionth of a meter 1nm = 1 nanometer = 1 billionth of a meter Light and electron microscopes have different magnification and resolving powers.

Learning Outcomes: By the end of today’s lecture, you should be able to: Recognize the different kinds of images seen through different microscopes Identify the major parts and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Prokaryotic Cells:

Examples of prokaryotes: Bacillus polymxa : Escherichia coli :

There are limits to cell size:

Eukaryotic Cells - Animal Cell:

Eukaryotic Cells - Plant Cell:

Isolation of Cell Organelles: cell fractionation

Plasma membrane:

Nucleus and nucleolus:

Ribosomes: function in protein synthesis

Endoplasmic reticulum: - Smooth ER - Rough ER

Golgi apparatus:

Lysosome formation:

Lysosomes (TEM):

Macrophage destroying bacteria:

Overview of the endomembrane system:

Mitochondrion:

Cytoskeleton : functions in structural support and cell movement

Cytoskeleton in muscle cells:

Central vacuole: - found in plant cells

Chloroplast:

Cilia and flagella are found more often in animal cells:

Comparison of cilia and flagella:

Cell walls are found in plant & fungal cells:

Learning Outcomes: By the end of today’s lecture, you should be able to: Recognize the different kinds of images seen through different microscopes Identify the major parts and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Check for understanding…

Animal Cell:Plant Cell:

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