Lisa Emberson & Patrick Büker 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka Introduction of Crop Impact Assessment.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Quantifying the threat from ozone pollution to food security ICP Vegetation – EMEP collaboration Gina Mills, David Simpson, Harry Harmens et al. > Brief.

Advertisements

Impacts of acid rain and ozone on vegetation in the Greater Mekong Sub region Lisa Emberson Patrick Büker, Tim Morrissey, Kevin Hicks,

GHS STOCKTAKING WORKSHOP FOR SOUTHEAST, EAST, AND CENTRAL ASIA Siang –Hee Tan Executive Director Beijing, Sept th 2010.

Reverberating Beyond the Region in Addressing Air Pollution in North- East Asia Sangmin NAM and Heejoo LEE UNESCAP Subregional Office for East and North-East.

U. S. Support for National Communications Susan Wickwire U.S. Environmental Protection Agency June 9, 2003.

The Second Report on the State of the World’s Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Shivaji Pandey Director, Plant Production and Protection.

Initiatives on Regional Air Pollution in Asia

Strengthening Global Co-operation on Atmospheric Pollution Issues Kevin Hicks, Johan Kuylenstierna, Richard Mills and Jeff Clark Global.

Impact Studies: Malé Declaration Achievements Ms. Adelaida B. Roman Head, Network Support Component Air and Atmospheric Pollution RRCAP, Thailand.

The development and implementation of The Global Atmospheric Pollution Forum Air Pollutant Emissions Inventory Manual Harry Vallack, Stockholm Environment.

Group Discussion Group 2: Risk Assessment Modelling and Mapping Group 3: Translating Science into Policy Chair: Kim Oanh N. T. (G2) Fiona Marshall (G3)

GLOBAL CO-OPERATION FOR AIR POLLUTION SCIENCE AND POLICY Richard Mills Director General, International Union of Air Pollution Prevention Associations And.

Developing an Integrated Assessment Model for South Asia IAMs have proved useful in Europe for developing regional agreements on air pollution control.

By: Ms. Adelaida B. Roman Head, Network Support Component Regional Resource Centre for Asia and the Pacific Thailand.

South Asia Association for Regional Cooperatio n.

Male’ Declaration Report on the progress since the Seventh Session of the Intergovernmental Meeting by Secretariat UNEP RRC.AP.

Malé Declaration of on Control and Prevention of Air Pollution And Its Likely Transboundary Effects for South Asia Presentation on the Bangladesh National.

Male’ Declaration by Secretariat UNEP Progress in 2007.

Senior Environmental Engineer

IMPLEMENTATION OF MALÈ DECLARATION ON CONTROL AND PREVENTION OF AIR POLLUTION AND ITS LIKELY TRANSBOUNDARY EFFECTS FOR SOUTH ASIA SITUATION IN SRI LANKA.

Malé Declaration on Control and Prevention of Air Pollution and its Likely Transboundary Effects for South Asia Regional Resource Centre for Asia and the.

Progress in the Implementation of the RAPIDC Programme Johan Kuylenstierna, SEI.

Male’ Declaration Male’ Declaration Phase IV Implementation over the next 3 years by Secretariat AIT/UNEP RRC.AP.

Project Atmospheric Brown Clouds (ABC).  Haze at 5km; up to 3km high  Size of continental US  Covering Indian Ocean, South Asia, Southeast Asia and.

Introducing Ozone into Critical Loads Analysis - State of the Science in Europe and Progress in North America Robert C. Musselman USDA Forest Service Rocky.

Supply Risk Monitoring Supply Risk Monitoring (SRM) Draws on global operational network, and analytical engine –SRM website provides quick overview.

Aspects covered: Air Pollution in Europe: problems and responses The role and aims of the RAPIDC Programme Impacts of air pollution at different scales.

Malé Declaration IIAS Integrated Information and Assessment System Training Session, January 2008 Pwint: programming the system Johan Kuylenstierna: structure.

The Male’ Declaration Data reporting September 2007.

ICP Vegetation contributions to the LRTAP Convention on Ozone Gina Mills, Harry Harmens, Felicity Hayes, Dave Norris et al. Gothenburg Protocol review,

Progress in the Implementation of the RAPIDC Programme Kevin Hicks and Johan Kuylenstierna SEI, University of York UK IG11, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Plan for Phase V of the Malé Declaration ( ) The Secretariat.

Activities being proposed by the UNISDR Secretariat.

Use of ethylenediurea (EDU) as a research tool in assessing the impact of ambient ozone on plants Madhoolika Agrawal Professor in Botany Department of.

Male’ Declaration Male’ Declaration Review of Progress in Phase III by Secretariat UNEP.

Malé Declaration of on Control and Prevention of Air Pollution And Its Likely Transboundary Effects for South Asia Presentation on Implementation of Male’

An Introduction to the Regional Air Pollution in Developing Countries (RAPIDC) Programme Frank Murray, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia Malé Declaration:

Male’ Declaration Work Plan in 2007/08 by Secretariat UNEP.

Malé Declaration Report on the Progress of. Malé Declaration: Phase IV Objectives Malé Declaration/IG11/2/1 1. Strengthen Regional Cooperation for addressing.

Monitoring and Modelling in the Malé Declaration Kevin Hicks Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI), UK Bangkok, March 2008 Malé Declaration 6 th Monitoring.

INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPACTS OF TROPOSPHERIC OZONE ON MUNG BEAN IN PERADENIYA, SRI LANKA USING EDU Anoma Perera & Shivanthi Wijesooriya Department of Botany.

Male Declaration Regional Stakeholders Meeting October 2003.

Establishment of Sustainable Financing Mechanism 11 th Session of the Intergovernmental Meeting Jan 20-21, Dhaka Male’ Declaration Male’ Declaration.

Male’ Declaration the Youth Version Youth for Clean Air.

Aspects covered: The aims and structure of the RAPIDC Programme Progress The Future (this will be saved for the CORNET meeting) An overview of the RAPIDC.

1 Aspects covered: The aims and structure of the RAPIDC Programme Progress in PIII The Future Progress in the Implementation of the RAPIDC.

ICP VEGETATION 29 th session WGE Integrated science for our changing world ICP Vegetation* General activities and publications in 2009/10.

Male’ Declaration Male’ Declaration Review of Progress in Phase III by Secretariat UNEP.

The Male’ Declaration Proposal for Phase 4 Implementation.

Krzysztof OLENDRZYŃSKI Secretariat of the LRTAP Convention UNECE CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION (LRTAP) UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION.

The Male’ Declaration Progress Since Network Meeting 2005.

Integrated science for our changing world ICP Vegetation: Contributions on Ozone for the Revision of the Gothenburg Protocol Monitoring of.

The Male’ Declaration Proposal for Phase III. Looking back to think ahead Policy Dialogue Background Materials Ministerial agreement Capacity building.

11 September 2007 How do the dispersion calculations in the IIAS work? Magnuz Engardt Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute January 2008.

1 WTO Seminar on Technical Assistance and Capacity Building Related to the SPS Agreement 5 November 2002 Rene Vossenaar UNCTAD.

Aspects covered: The role and aims of the RAPIDC Programme Planned activities in support of the Malé Declaration Goals of these projects PROGRESS IN THE.

2 nd National Stakeholder Workshop : 2008 Overview of National Level Implementation of Male Declaration.

Objectives of the workshop in the context of RAPIDC.

Malé Declaration IIAS Integrated Information and Assessment System Training Session, February 2007 Pwint: programming the system Johan Kuylenstierna: structure.

A LEVEL – UNIT 3A – Theme 6a CHINA – 1 - OVERVIEW.

SLCP Benefits Toolkit:

Gender Affairs Programme

Asia-Pacific Network for the Coordination of Statistical Training

Preparations for the Ozone Critical Levels Workshop (November, 2016)

CIMMYT and IMAGINE Project

Eastern Europe, Russia and Middle and South America

Methods for Benefits Assessment and CBA for the NEC Directive Revision

PARTICIPANTS’ PROFILES AND FINAL EVALUATION

RCA Project (RAS/6/038) on Strengthening Medical Physics through Education and Training: National Project Coordinators Meeting Dhaka, Bangladesh,

Presentation transcript:

Lisa Emberson & Patrick Büker 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka Introduction of Crop Impact Assessment

Talk Outline O 3 and crop loss in South Asia The Malé Crop Impact Assessment Project Links to external organisations (e.g. APCEN, LRTAP, ABC, GAP Forum) The future of O 3 crop impacts in South Asia 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka

Talk Outline O 3 and crop loss in South Asia The Malé Crop Impact Assessment Project Links to external organisations (e.g. APCEN, LRTAP, ABC, GAP Forum) The future of O 3 crop impacts in South Asia 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka Introduction of Crop Impact Assessment

Ground level Ozone (O 3 ) pollution O 3 is a rural pollutant reaching high concentrations in rural/agricultural areas O 3 is 3 rd most important GHG..important for climate change

Dentener et al. (2006) Europe36.6 ppb ± 4.2 United states38.7 ppb ± 4.9 South Asia45.0 ppb ± 6.9 Current (year 2000) ground level ozone (O 3 ) concentrations

Importance of Phenology 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka

5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka Evidence of ground level ozone (O 3 ) impacts on crops are current day concentrations O 3 effects on plants include: Foliar / visible injury Accelerate senescence Reduce plant growth Alter plant metabolism Reduce crop yield

5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka Evidence of ground level ozone (O 3 ) impacts on crops are current day concentrations O 3 effects on plants include: Foliar / visible injury Accelerate senescence Reduce plant growth Alter plant metabolism Reduce crop yield

5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka Experimental data for wheat showing yield response to ozone (O 3 ) concentrations Crop variety, experimental conditions, environmental conditions, O 3 exposure pattern

Indo-Gangetic Plain The most important agricultural region in South Asia 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka

Talk Outline O 3 and crop loss in South Asia The Malé Crop Impact Assessment Project Links to external organisations (e.g. APCEN, LRTAP, ABC, GAP Forum) The future of O 3 crop impacts in South Asia 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka Introduction of Crop Impact Assessment

i.Perform “provisional” risk assessments ii.Conduct Malé experimental studies – using standardised experimental protocols - “ground-truth” risk assessments iii.Develop socio-economic assessment methods and policy engagement 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka Malé Crop Impact Assessment Project in conjunction with Air Pollution Crop Effect Network (APCEN)

i.Perform “provisional” risk assessments ii.Conduct Malé experimental studies – using standardised experimental protocols - “ground-truth” risk assessments iii.Develop socio-economic assessment methods and policy engagement 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka Malé Crop Impact Assessment Project in conjunction with Air Pollution Crop Effect Network (APCEN)

APCEN (Air Pollution Crop Effect Network) RegionNetwork Members Countries / regions represented Africa 14 Egypt, Kenya, Mozambique, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Tanzania, Botswana Asia 55 India, Japan, Nepal, Pakistan, P.R. China, Philippines, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Bangladesh The Americas, Europe and Australia 18 Australia, Chile, Sweden, UK, USA, Brazil, Germany Provide technical support to the Malé experimental campaign To help in translation of science to policy 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka

5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka

i.Perform “provisional” risk assessments ii.Conduct Malé experimental studies – using standardised experimental protocols - “ground-truth” risk assessments iii.Develop socio-economic assessment methods and policy engagement 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka Malé Crop Impact Assessment Project in conjunction with Air Pollution Crop Effect Network (APCEN)

Engardt (2008) MATCH photochemical model (0.5 x 0.5 o grid) TRACE-P emissions (Streets et al. 2003); ECMWF modelled meteorology (2000) AOT40 – European critical level for O 3 effects (3 ppm.hrs)

i.Perform “provisional” risk assessments ii.Conduct Malé experimental studies – using standardised experimental protocols - “ground-truth” risk assessments iii.Develop socio-economic assessment methods and policy engagement 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka Malé Crop Impact Assessment Project in conjunction with Air Pollution Crop Effect Network (APCEN)

Malé experimental studies Bio-monitoring and Chemical Protectant Studies Established bio-indicator in Europe and North America Sensitive and resistant clones so can assess magnitude of air pollution impacts on visible injury & biomass. Buse et al. 2002/2003

Bio-monitoring and Chemical Protectant Studies Structural formula for N-(2-(2-oxo-1- imadazolidinyl)ethyl)-N’-phenylurea abbreviated as EDU for ethylenediurea EDU suppresses acute and chronic ozone injury on a variety of plants under ambient O 3 conditions (Godzik & Manning, 1998) Pakistan soybean cv. NARC-1 showing protective effect of EDU at a roadside rural site in Lahore, Pakistan (photo courtesy of A. Wahid) Malé experimental studies

CountryIndiaPakistanBangladeshNepalSri Lanka Malé memberProf. AgrawalProf. ShamsiProf. Sattar, Dr. Islam Prof. Lal Amgain Dr. A. Perera LocationVaranasiLahoreMymensinghRampurParadeniya Clover-clone bio-monitoring  Biomass loss~10% Biomass loss~20%  EDU Chemical protectant Yield loss~40% wheat, mung bean, spinach, potato Yield loss~15-65% mung bean, spinach, 2008 Yield loss~15-52% mung bean, potato 2008 Yield loss~52% mung bean Yield loss~5%* mung bean Bhutan – Passive sampler monitoring study Maldives and Iran – Not participated in Phase III, Phase IV?

i.Perform “provisional” risk assessments ii.Conduct Malé experimental studies – using standardised experimental protocols - “ground-truth” risk assessments iii.Develop socio-economic assessment methods and policy engagement 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka Malé Crop Impact Assessment Project in conjunction with Air Pollution Crop Effect Network (APCEN)

Provisional economic loss estimates for crops in South Asia Wheat, Rice, Soybean, Potato European AOT40 dose-response relationships FAO crop production, distribution and producer price data for 2000 MATCH modelled O 3 concentrations for 2000 Loss estimated at US$ 3.9 Billion India (US$ 3.1), Pakistan (US$ 0.35) and Bangladesh (US$ 0.4) 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka

Talk Outline O 3 and crop loss in South Asia The Malé Crop Impact Assessment Project Links to external organisations (e.g. APCEN, CLRTAP, ABC, GAP Forum) The future of O 3 crop impacts in South Asia 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka Introduction of Crop Impact Assessment

Clean Air Initiative - AsiaMale Declaration – South AsiaCentral Asian Republics Association of south east Asian nations (ASEAN) Acid deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET) Air pollution Information Network for Africa (APINA) Inter-American Network for Biospheric- Atmospheric Studies (IANABIS) “Working to bring together regional networks, international organisations and other stakeholders to develop effective policies and programmes to protect public health and the environment from the harmful effects of atmospheric pollution”

Linkages between different organisations for Crop Impact Assessment Air Pollution Crop Effect Network APCEN help in modification of risk assessment methods developed in CLRTAP by ICP Vegetation for Asian conditions. Atmospheric Brown Cloud 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka ICP Vegetation Malé Declaration on Control and Prevention of Air Pollution and its Likely Transboundary Effects for South Asia Malé Declaration (via UNEP Asia) formally requested link with CLRTAP - request has been formally accepted by CLRTAP WGE, Task Forces and their ICPs

Talk Outline O 3 and crop loss in South Asia The Malé Crop Impact Assessment Project Links to external organisations (e.g. APCEN, LRTAP, ABC, GAP Forum) The future of O 3 crop impacts in South Asia 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka Introduction of Crop Impact Assessment

Dentener et al. (2006) CLE2000 – CLE2030 Europe+1.8 ± 1.5 United states+1.3 ± 2.4 South Asia+7.2 ± 1.9 Δ in surface ozone between 2000 and 2030 current legislation scenario

The future of O 3 crop impacts in South Asia International agreements to curb O 3 precursor emissions Co-ordinated experimental campaigns for South Asia Crop breeding programmes to reduce sensitivity in crop varieties Understanding the role of O 3 on food security and poverty Understanding the interaction between O 3 and climate change Improved communication between policy makers, stakeholders and scientists 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka

APCEN website: 5 th Malé Declaration meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka Acknowledgements Thanks to the Swedish International Development Agency for funding the important work presented in this talk.