Measuring & Assessing Democratic Governance Pro-poor & gender-sensitive indicators Lorraine Corner

Lorraine Corner Pro-poor & gender-sensitive indicators n Aim of the guide n Why pro-poor & gender-sensitive? n Framework for selection l Underlying values & principles l Gender-sensitive indicators l Pro-poor (gender-sensitive) indicators l Tools for identifying indicators l Applications

Lorraine Corner GOVERNANCE areas n Parliamentary Development n Electoral Systems n Human Rights n Justice n Access to Information & the Media n Decentralisation & Local Governance n Public Administration Reform & Anti- corruption

Lorraine Corner Why pro-poor & gender-sensitive GOVERNANCE indicators? n Form groups to answer the question: why should governance indicators be pro-poor & gender-sensitive? n Select facilitator n Select reporter n Prepare flip chart for sharing n Time: 15 minutes

Lorraine Corner Framework for selecting pro-poor & gender-sensitive indicators to measure democratic governance n AIM: to assist policy-makers to monitor & evaluate democratic governance at country level n Existing indicators l developed by external stakeholders l to compare & rank countries l Not designed to assist countries l Not pro-poor or gender-sensitive

Lorraine Corner Based on normative values n Citizens control public decision-making & decision- makers n Citizens should be equal in exercising such control l Women/men l Poor/non-poor n Normative values of democratic governance l Participation l Representation l Accountability l Transparency l Responsiveness l Efficiency l Equity

Lorraine Corner Three levels of indicators n Start from objectives – what is to be indicated? n Outcome l what do we want to achieve? l How will we know we have achieved it? n Process l What do we have to do in order to achieve it? l How will we know that we are doing it? n Inputs l What is needed to create these processes? l How will we know they are available?

Lorraine Corner What would gender-sensitive GOVERNANCE indicators look like? n Form groups to answer this question n Select facilitator n Select reporter n Prepare flip chart for sharing n Time: 10 minutes

Lorraine Corner Gender-sensitive indicators n Disaggregated by sex n Specific to or targeted toward female or male sex n “Implicitly gendered” l No reference to sex BUT l Of particular relevance to females or males n Chosen by women l Why not men? l Participation of women n Based on data defined, collected, presented & disseminated taking into account differences between women & men l Women decision makers l Women enumerators, processors, etc

Lorraine Corner Group review n Return to group flip chart for n Compare your output with the framework for gender-sensitive indicators n Prepare new flip chart l Differences? l Similarities? l Comments?

Lorraine Corner What would pro-poor GOVERNANCE indicators look like? n Form groups to answer this question n Select facilitator n Select reporter n Prepare flip chart for sharing n Time: 10 minutes

Lorraine Corner Pro-poor indicators n Disaggregated by poverty status n Specific to or targeted toward the poor n Implicitly pro-poor – more relevant or important to low income groups n Chosen by the poor l Participatory n Gender-sensitive – take into account different impact of poverty on women & men

Lorraine Corner Group review n Return to your previous flip chart n Compare your output with the framework for pro-poor indicators n Prepare new flip chart l Differences? l Similarities? l Comments?

Lorraine Corner Pro-poor indicators must also be gender-sensitive

Lorraine Corner Other dimensions of disaggregation n Democratic values require BROAD participation l Ethnicity – female/male; poor/non-poor l Location – rural / urban; female/male etc l Disability – etc etc n A major challenge for monitoring & evaluating democratic governance

Lorraine Corner Some tools for selecting indicators n Process flow chart – framework for developing questions about specific governance processes n Key questions – for each stage in the process, how do women/the poor/ etc participate, how are they affected? n Integrated indicator matrix – summarizes & classifies available indicators, shows gaps

Lorraine Corner Using indicators n Exploring relationships between indicators for policy analysis n Linking input and output indicators to assess the effectiveness of interventions l Eg training for women candidates l What % of those trained stood for election? l What % of those who stood were successful? l Did a higher % of women MPs lead to greater consideration of women’s issues?

Lorraine Corner GOVERNANCE areas n Parliamentary Development n Electoral Systems n Human Rights n Justice n Access to Information & the Media n Decentralisation & Local Governance n Public Administration Reform & Anti- corruption

Lorraine Corner Based on normative values n Citizens control public decision-making & decision- makers n Citizens should be equal in exercising such control l Women/men l Poor/non-poor n Normative values of democratic governance l Participation l Representation l Accountability l Transparency l Responsiveness l Efficiency l Equity

Lorraine Corner Applying the framework: Budgeting n In groups, prepare process flow chart for one UNDP governance area n Formulate key questions in terms of elements of democratic governance n Use questions to identify potential pro-poor and gender-sensitive indicators – prepare matrix n Prepare flip charts for sharing n Time: 45 minutes