Age of Jackson The Events

The Nullification Crisis Tariff of 1828 (“Tariff of Abominations”). John C. Calhoun of S. Carolina (V.P.) Nullification = States have the right to declare federal laws unconstitutional. Based on the theory that the union is a compact created by the states (Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions).

Hayne-Webster Debate Robert Hayne—S. Carolina Daniel Webster— Mass. 1830—Debate nature of the Union, “States’ Rights,” and Nullification.

Tariff of 1832 S. Carolina nullifies it. AJ believes that this is treason and gets Congress to pass a Force Bill in Clay proposes compromise—Gradually lowering the tariff and S.C. rescinds its nullification. S.C. then, though, nullifies the Force Bill.

Jackson as Nationalist Nullification crisis shows that AJ believes in the supremacy of the national govt. But still for limited govt. Vetoes Maysville Rd. bill in 1830

Indian Removal Most whites want Native Americans to move west of the Mississippi. Congress passes the Indian Removal Act in Conflicts with Supreme Court rulings of Marshall court, but Jackson does not enforce.

Some tribes resist or don’t recognize the legality of treaties. 1831—Black Hawk War in Illinois. 1835—minority of Cherokee agree to move west for $5-mill. 1838—those that are left are forced to go to Indian Territory (Oklahoma). Forced march is known as “The Trail of Tears.” Only tribe that successfully resists removal are the Seminoles of Florida (Seminole War ).

Trail of Tears

The Bank War

Birth of the Whigs AJ’s use of vetoes seems king-like. Opponents start to organize and call themselves the “Whigs.” (name is from anti-monarch party in England.)