Exam 3 Review PSY 321 Dr. Sanchez

Gender What is self-objectification? What are the consequences of self- objectification? Know experiments manipulating self- objectification and results –Gender differences? Know Bem’s work on gender identity

Gender What is backlash? What is precarious manhood? –Know experiments What is identity misclassification? –Know experiments

Exam 3 Review Body/Gender Interpersonal Attraction Close Relationships Helping Behavior Human Aggression Social Psych and Law

Interpersonal Attraction Why do people get together in the first place? –Familiarity Proximity Mere exposure –Physical attractiveness “What’s beautiful is good” SFP and beauty Is it objective or subjective (the culture issue)? Averageness – why?

Interpersonal Attraction Why do people get together in the first place? –Similarity – do opposites attract, or birds of a feather flock together? Similarity and attitudes Matching hypothesis –Reciprocity – liking people who like us If you want to win people over, make sure they know you like them! Playing hard to get – does it work?

Close Relationships Parent-child relationships and attachment –“Babyness” –Newborn sensory-social abilities – imitation –Bowlby’s attachment theory How do attachments form? Attachment styles

Close Relationships Attachment Style –What are the different types Intimate/Romantic Relationships –What’s involved? Feelings of attachment, affection, and love Fulfillment of psychological needs Interdependence

Close Relationships Types of love –Sternberg’s triangular theory 3 components – intimacy, passion, commitment Each pair leads to different kind of love – romantic love, companionate love most imortant –Arousal and attraction Excitation transfer (love on a bridge)

Helping Why do we help? – gaining rewards, avoiding punishments –Evolutionary factors Selfish gene, reciprocal altruism, cooperative group –Rewards of helping Helping oneself, feeling good, looking good –Costs of not helping? –Altruism vs. Egoism? Empathy-altruism

Helping –Situational influences Bystander effect 5 Steps to helping in an emergency – what can go wrong? Time pressure – the Good Samaritan Culture and location Mood and helping Social learning theory Norms of helping

Helping –Personal influences Altruistic personality –Interpersonal influences Attractiveness – physical, friendliness, charisma Attributions of responsibility – why is the victim in this situation (oops – watch out for the FAE) Similarity Emotions Closeness Ego threat –Reactions to help –Obstacles to helping at each step

Aggression Definition of aggression Types of aggression –Instrumental (i.e., mercenaries) –Emotional (i.e., bullying) –Examples of each

Aggression Why are we aggressive? –Instinct and Evolutionary theories –Social learning theory (“modeling”) When do people aggress (i.e., situational theories)? –Frustration-aggression theory and its modifications –Angry –Exposure to violent cues –Alcohol –Heat

Aggression Media violence –Understand findings from studies –Short-term and long-term effects How can aggression be reduced? –Catharsis? –Punishment? –Remove aggressive cues? –Better role models?

Social Psych and Law The Eyewitness –Stages of eyewitnessing – acquisition, storage, retrieval –Line-up identifications

Social Psych and Law The Defendant –False confessions Factors that cause them –Do confessions matter to juries? The Jury –Jury selection process Death qualification –Jury nullification

Thanks for a great semester. Good luck on the test!