Science &Technology for Resurgent India By Dr T.H. CHOWDARY Director: Center for Telecom Management and Studies Chairman: Pragna Bharati (intellect India ) Former: Chairman & Managing Director Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited & Information Technology Advisor, Government of Andhra Pradesh T: +91(40) / (O) ® F: +91 (40) , Osmania University: 8th Feb 2008

THC_CTMSS373_Feb' Source: Angus Maddison; J.P.Morgan World GDP per Person, 1000=100 S & T for Wealth Creation

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'083 World Population and the Poor YearPopulation% of the Poor billion85% billion30% billion20% bln18%

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'084 Time taken to double the per capita income (1) Country UKUSAJapan Indonesia S.Korea China Years Since

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'085 Time taken to double the per capita income (2) GDP GrowthPopulationTime taken 3.5%2.8%70 Y 6.5%1.8%15 Y 10.0%1.0%7 Y

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'086 Share of World’s GDP * IndiaChinaJapanUSAEuropeRest of the World 1AD AD AD AD AD AD AD AD AD *(in%)(Source: Economic Times, 29/1/08)

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'087 YearWealthTrade %25% 1947N A2.4% 1990N A0.4% %1.8% India was not poor! (1) India’s Share in World Trade

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'088 INDIABRITAIN India was not poor! Share of World’s Industrial Production

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'089 India held in high esteem When Alexander set out to invade India, he went to his teacher, Aristotle and asked what Guru Dakshina he would want to be brought from India. Aristotle told him to bring a pail of Ganga Jel and the instrument Venu, the flute of Lord Krishna. “India is becoming the sink of the World’s gold” - Pliny, Roman Historian “An Ocean named after – not England, France, Portugal, Netherlands, America, Spain, Russia, China…..but India

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'0810 Content of GDP (Figs. in %)

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'0811 India developed Population must be stabilised to sustain economic growth Education for all Health for all Vision and Enterprise Military Power; projectable anywhere Generate knowledge ( R&D; Discovery; Innovation) Ethics,morality, spiritual (Ritam, Satyam)

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'0812 India developed Education for all (SSC); Graduation for the aspiring. Population: Stabilised consistent with wealth creation. Health for all : No malnutrition & no Epidemics Vision and Enterprise Diffusion of wealth and knowledge for the entire human race Ethics,morality, spiritual

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'0813 Development Economic : wealth, health, trade, military power Intellectual : R&D, discovery, innovation Social : equity, inequality, access, mobility Ethical: India's concept of globalisation Not only economic and markets but of knowledge, prosperity and preservation of the environment

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'0814 Poverty & Inequity No society, nation can be accepted as developed unless both are minimised (elimination impossible ?) Equal inputs: unequal outcomes Uneven distribution of natural resources (also human resources) S&T to create wealth, to increase productivity of soil and men and mind Machines to work, men to think – drudgery and ruined jobs to be minimised (eg: Toyota factory near Tokyo, Japan produces 100,000 cars a day but has only 55 men and 366 robots)

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'0815 Nation is respected (Super Power) Economic strength Intellectual excellence, knowledge creation, R&D Military strength Global exertion and concern Ethical/Moral values it promotes

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'0816 Global View of Bharat Vasudhaiva kutumbakam Aa noh bhadraah ritavo yaantu viswatah Lokaah samasta sukhinoh bhavantu Isaa vaasyamidam jagat, Tyaktena bhujithaa Maa gridhah.. Sahanaavavatu, Sahanau bhunaktu Sahaveeryam karavaavahaih Maa vidvishaavahaiah Tejaswinaavadheetamastu Om Santih, Santih, Santih

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'0817 Intellectual Property Generation Just 12 mln ( <8%) out of 160 mln young in the age group are in the universities. World Average: 23.2% Developed countries average: 54.6% Countries in transition ( eg: Brazil): 36.5% India: > 11.0% Asian Countries: 22.0% We produce every year Engineers MBAsMCAs 450,00080,00080,000 Numbers larger than any other country in the world

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'0818 How Equipped is India for Higher Education *Suggest: Begin having a University for each District * Every Private Engineering College should be required to grow into a University within 8 years of wind up. Corporates to found.fund ‘Varsities’. In India we have 8.8 mln. or 5% of the young in the age group 18 to 23 yrs. in Universities

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'0819 Indian students Abroad USA UK Australia Singapore New Zealand > 88K 25K 10K 8K 3K We spend: $4.0 bln (Rs. 1,60,000 crores)

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'0820 Some Foreign Companies’ Employees in India GE Caps GE DevIBMOracleEDSTexas 16,0001,80010, , IntelJP Morgan HUWAISiemensMotorola 1,7001,2001, ,700

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'0821 What our Entrepreneurs are achieving(1) Rs.90 K crores; 300 foreign companies India’s 3 rd largest investor in UK; we own 500 cos. In UK 25% of the companies in Silicon Valley & New England in the USA are Indian- owned. Steel Giants Mittal ( Arcelor…) largest in the world Tata ( Corus) Rs. 53,000 crores!

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'0822 What our Entrepreneurs are achieving (2) Dr. Reddy’s (Beta Pharma of German Rs. 2,200 cr) Ranbaxy Private bodies in R&D & education TIFR; IISC; BITS Dabur; Alembic; Ogale Annamalai Saugor BHU & AMU

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'0823 Software Exports

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'0824 Employment in Indian IT sector*,’000 (* Years ending March; + break-up: NA)

THC_CTMSS373_Feb'0825 Dhanyawad: Thankyou